Similar to land-based facilities, marine and offshore assets can be exposed to outbreaks of infectious diseases. This is exemplified by the recent COVID-19 outbreak which has had a significant impact on both personnel health and normal operations of the assets. The occurrence and transmission of infectious diseases on marine and offshore assets can, however, be mitigated by appropriate physical arrangements on board and having operational procedures in place. This paper addresses the former. The effectiveness of operational measures can be significantly increased if infectious diseases are considered at the asset’s design stage. ABS has identified a lack of available technical guidance regarding physical arrangements that can help make marine and offshore assets safer for crews and reduce the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19. This paper presents the best practices and recommendations for physical arrangements drawn mainly from the recognized standards for land-based medical facilities and applied to marine and offshore assets. The recommendations focus on specific spaces inside the accommodation block, their number, location, layout, ventilation, and interior surfaces. Isolation cabins with their associated anterooms are proposed as the most reliable way of isolating suspected or confirmed cases of an infectious disease from the rest of the personnel on board. Negative pressure, independent exhaust system, and easy to clean surfaces that are accessible and resistant to deterioration from frequent cleaning and disinfection are effective measures in containing the transmission of infectious diseases that are spread through the air or direct and indirect contact. The paper also emphasizes the need to promote segregation of the visitors from crew and passengers by providing designated spaces for the visitors and gives recommendations on the communication equipment needed for receiving medical advice from land-based medical specialists. If properly implemented and if augmented with robust operational measures, physical arrangement measures have the potential to significantly improve the safety of the crew, passengers, and visitors, as well as minimize the negative consequences of disruptions to normal asset operations.

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A substantial revision to the International Maritime Organization's (IMO) Convention on the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is due to enter into force on July 01, 2002. This text, along with a supporting IMO Circular, sets forth a procedure for accepting fire safety engineering aspects of vessel designs, which deviate from the strict prescriptive regulations of the Convention. It is anticipated that this alternative performancebased approach will ultimately have significant practical and economic influence on fire safety engineering design in the offshore industry.Evidence for the assertion that performance-based approaches will be adopted in the fire safety engineering design of offshore facilities are provided through examples of their increased use within land-based construction regulations, classification society rules and the general maritime industry. In addition, comparisons are made with the development of regulations within the United Kingdom sector of the offshore market. Fire safety engineering tools, which are available for use in the performance-based design process, are introduced, followed by a section on the perceived influences, including the proactive potential, of alternative design approaches on the offshore industry.