Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) promise to be a critical hardware primitive for billions of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The arbiter PUF (A-PUF) is one of the most well-known PUF circuits. However, its FPGA implementation has a poor reliability, and error correction codes (ECCs) are usually needed to eliminate the noise in the responses, which incur additional high hardware overhead and require NVM for helper data storage. In this paper, we present a highly reliable arbiter PUF with improved uniqueness using the bit-self-test (BST) strategy. A delay detection circuit is added into a classical arbiter PUF to test the delay deviation that produces each bit of the PUF response in real-time and mark the response as reliable using a reliability flag when the delay deviation is significantly more than a predefined threshold. Then, the robust responses can be used. We implemented the BST-arbiter PUF on a Xilinx Artix 7 FPGA. The test results show that the selected responses achieve outstanding performance where the bit error rate is less than 10-9 , the bias is 50.3%, and the uniqueness is 49.1%. Thus, the BST-APUF, which drastically reduced the ECC overhead, can be applied to lightweight cryptography applications.
The ultraviolet–visible imaging spectropolarimeter (UVISP), developed by the Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics (AIOFM), Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), is a dual-beam snapshot instrument for measuring the spectral, radiometric, and linear polarization information of absorbing aerosol in a wavelength range from 340 to 520 nm. In this paper, we propose a complete set of calibration methods for UVISP to ensure the accuracy of the measured radiation polarization data, thus guaranteeing the reliability of inversion results. In geometric calibration, we complete the assignment of the field of view (FOV) angle to each pixel of the detector using a high precision turntable and parallel light source. In addition, the geometric calibration accuracy of the S beam and P beam is also analyzed. The results show that the residuals of all row pixels are less than 0.12°. Based on geometric calibration, a spectral calibration is conducted at each spectrum of the S beam and P beam for the given FOV, and the relation between the wavelength and pixel is obtained by a linear fitting procedure. For radiometric calibration, the uniformity of spectral responsivity is corrected, and the function between spectral radiance and output digital data is established. To improve the accuracy of the polarimetric measurement, a polarimetric calibration is proposed, and validated experimental results show that the root mean square (RMS) errors for the demodulated value are all within 0.011 for the input linear polarized light with different angles of linear polarization (AoLPs). Finally, field measurements are conducted, and the absolute deviations are all within 0.01 when the UVISP and CE-318 sun–sky polarimetric radiometer (CE318N) simultaneously measure the degree of linear polarization (DoLP) of the sky at different zenith angles. These experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed calibration methods.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.