Geographical indications (GIs) are names of regions or places associated with particular products (Menapace & Moschini, 2014). They are used as labels to convey product quality to consumers (Moschini et al., 2008;Yormirzoev et al., 2021) and to reflect product-specific attributes, reputation, and other characteristics that can be attributed to geographic origin (Niu & Wang, 2014). Accordingly, the product named by the geographical name refers to the geographical indication product (GI product). Some examples of GI products, as listed in the World Intellectual Property Organization (https:// www.wipo.int/geo_indic ation s/en/), include Switzerland's Gruyère cheese, Mexico's tequila, Georgian wine, and more specific regional products such as Pinggu peaches (the Pinggu district north of Beijing, China) and Roquefort cheese (the Roquefort-sur-Soulzon region of France). Because of their historical heritage or unique geographic locations, GI products often suggest high-quality clues to consumers and thus possess good market credibility and appeal (Niu & Wang, 2014). Consequently, consumers use geographic origin tags as an important signal of product quality to reduce search costs and purchase risks (Li et al., 2017).The importance of GI products to local/regional economic development is well recognized as GI products usually have a higher market demand and are sold at higher prices than non-GI products
Rural credit is very important to the increase of farmers' income and the development of rural economy, and it has attracted wide attention from scholars. Many scholars have paid attention to the impact of social capital on farmers' credit availability, but the research conclusions have not yet been unified. In addition, human capital is also one of the important factors that scholars pay attention to. However, the research mainly focuses on farmer education and pays less attention to their health. Based on the China Household Income Project (CHIP2013) database, we evaluated the impact of human capital (education and health of farmers) and social capital on the credit availability of farmers. To ensure the robustness of our results, we used both the ordered probit model and the propensity score matching (PSM) model to carry out the estimations. Therefore, the study not only improves the research framework of the impact of human capital on farmers' credit availability, but also uses a more accurate method to estimate the net impact of social capital on farmers' credit availability. The results showed that, firstly, in terms of human capital, farmers' educational and health levels have a significant positive impact on their formal credit availability, but no significant impact on their informal credit availability. In particular, farmers with a high school education or above are more likely to obtain a formal loan. Secondly, in terms of social capital, interpersonal relationship capital and political relationship capital are beneficial for farmers obtaining loans from formal and informal channels. Organizational relationship capital only has a more significant positive impact on the informal credit availability of farmers. These results imply that formal financial institutions not only pay attention to farmers' human capital but also their social capital to reduce the risk of lending. However, informal lenders, that is, relatives or friends, pay more attention to the social capital of farmers.
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