Purpose: A phase I study was conducted to assess the safety of adoptive immunotherapy using gene-modified autologousTcells for the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer. Experimental Design: T cells with reactivity against the ovarian cancer^associated antigen a-folate receptor (FR) were generated by genetic modification of autologous T cells with a chimeric gene incorporating an anti-FR single-chain antibody linked to the signaling domain of the Fc receptor g chain. Patients were assigned to one of two cohorts in the study. Eight patients in cohort 1received a dose escalation of Tcells in combination with high-dose interleukin-2, and six patients in cohort 2 received dual-specificTcells (reactive with both FR and allogeneic cells) followed by immunization with allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

The lumped-mass method is applied to study the propagation of elastic waves in two-dimensional binary periodic systems, i.e., periodic soft rubber/epoxy and vacuum/epoxy composites, for which the conventional methods fail or converge very slowly. A comprehensive study is performed for the two-dimensional binary locally resonant phononic crystals, which are composed of periodic soft rubber cylinders immersed in epoxy host. Numerical simulations predict that subfrequency gaps also appear because of the high contrast of mass density and elastic constant of the soft rubber. The locally resonant mechanism in forming the subfrequency gaps is thoroughly analyzed by studying the two-dimensional model and its quasi-one-dimensional mechanical analog. The rule used to judge whether a resonant mode in the phononic crystals can result in a corresponding subfrequency gap or not is found.

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The laparoscopic technique and FT surgery rehabilitation program effectively inhibited release of post-operative inflammatory factors with a reduction in peri-operative trauma and stress, which together played a protective role on the post-operative immune system. Combining two treatment measures during colon operation produced better protective effects via the immune system. The beneficial clinical effects support that the better-preserved post-operative immune system may also contribute to the improvement of post-operative results in FT laparoscopic patients.

Robotic surgery shows distinct advantages in protecting the pelvic autonomic nerves and relieving post-operative sexual dysfunction.

Increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with altered intestinal microbiota as well as short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) reduction of output The energy source of colon cells relies mainly on three SCFAs, namely butyrate (BT), propionate, and acetate, while CRC transformed cells rely mainly on aerobic glycolysis to provide energy. This review summarizes recent research results for dysregulated glucose metabolism of SCFAs, which could be initiated by gut microbiome of CRC. Moreover, the relationship between SCFA transporters and glycolysis, which may correlate with the initiation and progression of CRC, are also discussed. Additionally, this review explores the linkage of BT to transport of SCFAs expressions between normal and cancerous colonocyte cell growth for tumorigenesis inhibition in CRC. Furthermore, the link between gut microbiota and SCFAs in the metabolism of CRC, in addition, the proteins and genes related to SCFAs‐mediated signaling pathways, coupled with their correlation with the initiation and progression of CRC are also discussed. Therefore, targeting the SCFA transporters to regulate lactate generation and export of BT, as well as applying SCFAs or gut microbiota and natural compounds for chemoprevention may be clinically useful for CRCs treatment. Future research should focus on the combination these therapeutic agents with metabolic inhibitors to effectively target the tumor SCFAs and regulate the bacterial ecology for activation of potent anticancer effect, which may provide more effective application prospect for CRC therapy.

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