Background Stay-at-home orders and social distancing have been implemented as the primary tool to reduce the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, this approach has indirectly caused, only in Lima- Peru, more than 2.3 million Peruvians to lose their jobs. As a result, the risk of food insecurity may have increased in affected low-income families, especially those that depend on daily income. This study estimates the prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity (MSFI) and identifies the associated factors that explain this outcome during the stay-at-home order. Methods A cross-sectional web-based survey, with the non-probability sample, was conducted between May 18 and June 30, 2020, during the stay-at-home order in Peru. We used social media advertisements on Facebook to reach 18-59 year-olds living in Peru. MSFI was assessed using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Rasch model methodology requirements were considered, and factors associated with MSFI were selected using a stepwise forward selection. A Poisson generalized linear model (Poisson GLMs), with log link function, was employed to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR). Findings This analysis is based on 1846 replies. The prevalence of MSFI was 23.2%, and FIES proved to be an acceptable instrument with reliability 0.72 and infit 0.8-1.3. People more likely to experience MSFI were those with low income (less than 255 US$/month) in the pre-pandemic period (aPR 3.77; 95%CI, 1.98-7.16), those whose income was significantly reduced during the pandemic period (aPR 2.27; 95%CI, 1.55-3.31), and those whose savings ran out in less than 21 days (aPR 1.86; 95%CI, 1.43-2.42). Likewise, heads of households (aPR 1.20; 95%CI, 1.00-1.44) and those with relatives with probable SARS-CoV2 cases (aPR 1.29; 95%CI, 1.05-1.58) were at an increased risk of MSFI. Additionally, those who perceived losing weight during the pandemic (aPR 1.21; 95%CI, 1.01-1.45), and reported increases in processed foods prices (aPR 1.31; 95%CI, 1.08-1.59), and eating less minimally processed food (aPR 1.82; 95%CI, 1.48-2.24) were also more likely to experience MSFI. Interpretation People most at risk of MSFI were those in a critical economic situation before and during the pandemic period. It is necessary to reinforce social protection policies to prevent or mitigate these adverse effects. Funding None.

Background: The accuracy of urine dipsticks to detect increased albuminuria is uncertain. We aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of urine dipsticks for detecting albuminuria. Methods: A systematic review of studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of urine dipstick testing for detecting albuminuria has been conducted (using as reference standard the albuminuria in a 24-hour sample or the albumin-to-creatinine ratio) in Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The risk of bias of the included studies has been assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. Whenever possible, we performed meta-analyses for sensitivity and specificity. The certainty of the evidence has also been assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Results: A total of 14 studies have been included in this review, having assessed all albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) as assessed standard. Each study used different dipstick types. The resulting pooled sensitivity and specificity for each cutoff point were as follows: for ACR >30 mg/g (13 studies): 0.82 (95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.87) and 0.88 (0.83-0.91); for ACR 30-300 mg/g (7 studies): 0.72 (0.68-0.77) and 0.82 (0.76-0.89); and for ACR >300 mg/g (7 studies): 0.84 (0.71-0.90) and 0.97 (0.95-0.99), respectively. An overall high risk of bias, an important heterogeneity in all pooled analysis, and a very low certainty of the evidence have been found. Conclusions: Pooled sensitivity and specificity of urine dipsticks have been calculated for different ACR cutoff points. However, the dipstick types differed across studies, and the certainty of the evidence was very low. Thus, further well-designed studies are needed to reach more confident estimates and to assess accuracy differences across dipstick types. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42019124637).

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a Nutricionista; b nutricionista, magíster en Nutrición; c nutricionista, magíster en Filosofía La presente investigación forma parte de la tesis de licenciatura de Dolores Gandy "Alimentación perceptiva en niños desde los seis a veinticuatro meses de edad en el distrito de Cochamarca, Oyón-Lima 2014",

Introducción. El momento de la consejería respecto a la suplementación es importante, porque permite transmitir mensajes claves para la prevención o tratamiento de la anemia, que posteriormente llegarían a acuerdos en beneficio de la salud del niño. Sin embargo, existe poca información sobre la satisfacción materna durante la consejería. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el nivel de satisfacción de la madre respecto a consejería brindada por personal de salud que brinda la suplementación. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal con muestreo no probabilístico en el distrito de Puente Piedra, Lima – Perú, en el año 2016. Participaron 95 madres con niños menores de tres años. Se evaluaron tres dimensiones de satisfacción (técnico-científico, interpersonal y confort/soporte comunicacional) con una encuesta estructurada, validada por expertos. Las respuestas se calificaron entre 0 a 3 puntos (sí: 3, regularmente: 2, mínimamente: 1 y no: 0). El nivel de satisfacción se clasificó, sumando el puntaje de cada respuesta, como: bajo, medio, alto (0-7, 8-14, 15-21 puntos; respectivamente). Los resultados se presentan en frecuencias y porcentajes (variables cualitativas), y mediana y rango intercuartil (variables cuantitativas). Resultados. La satisfacción general de las madres fue media (45%), respecto a sus dimensiones la técnicocientífico fue baja (57%), y la interpersonal y confort/soporte comunicacional fue media (40% y 43%, respectivamente). Conclusión. Existe una satisfacción media y baja en la consejería consejería brindada por personal de salud que brinda la suplementación.