The chief idea of criminal law is to protect the individual, society, and the state from criminal encroachment. Defined by the legislator in the field of protection - the basics of national security, life and health, public safety, environment, etc. are subject to comprehensive research to improve the effectiveness of criminal law protection, which is of great practical importance. The foundations of national security are a multifaceted construction that requires detailed analysis. This work is devoted to the study of the conceptual foundations of systematization of crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine as one of the fundamental aspects of the theoretical basis of the criminal law system. The work aims to study the conceptual foundations of the systematization of crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine. The subject of study: problematic aspects of systematization of crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine. The object of research: approaches to the systematization of crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine. The authors used the following methods: observation, generalization, analysis, synthesis, experiment, formalization. As a result of the study, the universal definition of national security, the feasibility of a system of crimes against the foundations of national security of Ukraine, determined as an experiment to develop subgroups under Section I of the Special Part of the Criminal Code.
The scientific article analyzes the acute discussion in law enforcement practice and procedural science of the problem of the possibility of criminal prosecution of a suspect, accused of defaming a knowingly innocent person in the commission of a crime. The theoretical basis of the article are scientific works on criminal law and criminal procedural law (both domestic researchers and foreign experts). A set of general scientific, special scientific and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge has been used while preparing the scientific article, in particular dialectical, historical, comparative, dogmatic (formal-logical), system-structural analysis, modeling. It is substantiated in the article that the behavior of the suspect, accused, which is manifested in slandering of a knowingly innocent person, does not constitute the right to freedom from self-disclosure. It is also proved that both freedom from self-disclosure and the right to defense in criminal proceedings must have certain limits, in particular, it is rights and interests of other subjects protected by criminal law. We stated that the suspect or accused should be liable for misleading the court and pre-trial investigation bodies even if such deception was used to protect against the suspicion (or accusation), to avoid criminal liability.
Due to the 2022 invasion, there is a growing interest in Ukraine as human trafficking cases increase. Results of the study showed that the main victimising factor was not material difficulties as commonly believed. The transgenerational trauma identified by psychologists was caused by the Holodomor in Ukraine in 1932-1933. Also, one of the causes is the comparable consequences of other Soviet repressions against the Ukrainian people, including the destruction of the identity of Ukrainians across many generations. This study may be useful in the context of studying human trafficking, migration, refugees and the demographic consequences of the war in Ukraine.
удк 343.21 караніСть необережного заподіяння Смерті за кримінальним законом України яремко г.з. львівський державний університет внутрішніх справ doi: https://doi.org/10.32839/2304-5809/2018-12-64-125 досліджується караність необережних вбивств в статтях особливої частини кримінального кодексу україни. Покарання зображені у діаграмах. основою порівняння є санкція в загальній нормі. Показано помилки законодавця в частині невиваженого визначення покарання. доводиться, що у більшості законодавцем створені «привілейовані» склади необережного вбивства у випадках, коли фактично має місце підвищена суспільна небезпека. Пропонується декриміналізація тих складів злочинів, де кваліфікуючою ознакою вказано на необережне заподіяння смерті іншій людині. При цьому загальна норма (ст. 119 кк україни) здатна повністю забезпечити охорону життя людини від необережних посягань. ключові слова: необережне вбивство, диференціація кримінальної відповідальності, покарання, санкція норми, спеціальні норми.
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