Changing climates and associated increased variability pose risks to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivation, with the requirement to establish, survive, and maintain production under water stress. Crop wild relatives (CWR) of alfalfa include populations that have evolved to survive in a number of different, extreme environments, but until recently have had limited use in breeding programs. Here we report on the phenotypic diversity of alfalfa crop wild relatives that were selected to represent extremes in drought tolerance (by sourcing germplasm from environments with extremes in low rainfall, high temperature, shallow soils, and winter freezing) with the aim of providing germplasm with drought tolerance and improved forage yield traits for breeding programs in both warm and cool dry temperate environments. Newly formed hybrids created between M. sativa, M. arborea L. (a woody shrub), and M. truncatula Gaertn. (an annual species from the Mediterranean region) were developed or acquired to introduce new genetic diversity from the tertiary genepool. Preliminary characterization and evaluation was used for taxonomic classification, and to identify wild accessions and pre‐bred (hybrid) lines that offer new diversity for growth habit, seed size, fall dormancy, and forage yield. The accessions and pre‐breeding lines described have been donated to the Australian Pastures Genebank for conservation and distribution.
Journal of Agricultural Sciencewww.agrivita.ub.ac.id up to 300 kg/ha of nitrogen, which improves soil fertility and increases the yield of subsequent crops.All alfalfa varieties cultivated in Kazakhstan belong to two tetraploid species of M. sativa L. and M. varia Mart. Varieties of M. sativa L. are cultivated in the southern, southeastern, and western parts of Kazakhstan, and varieties of M. varia Mart. -in the northern part of the republic due to their increased winter hardiness. In the natural flora of Kazakhstan, there are seven species of perennial alfalfa of the Falcago (Reichb) Grossh subgenus of 21 species as per the latest classification compiled by P. A. Lubenets. The diploid species are M. difalcata Sinsk.,
Sainfoin (Onobrychis Mill.) is a valuable forage plant of the legume family
(Fabaceae). In Kazakhstan the sainfoin introduced as field fodder in the 50s
of the XX century and because of its biological features widely spread as a
promising crop for forage resources increasing. The electrophoresis of seed
storage proteins of Onobrychis viciifolia, Onobrychis arenaria and Onobrychis
transcaucasica species was carried out. Considerable diversity of the number,
mobility and intensity of components was determined.
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