The article is devoted to the problem of juvenile delinquency, which is relevant in the context of discussing interdisciplinary issues of its prevention based on the analysis of the characteristics of the state of crime in the Russian Federation from 2018 to 2020. The article presents the content of psychological and legal categories that characterize the personality of a minor criminal and the mechanisms of the formation of criminal behavior. Special attention is paid to the description of the factors and conditions that contribute to the commission of crimes by minors, including repeated ones. On the example of specific classifications and typologies, the state of knowledge of the problem of studying the personality of a minor offender and a convicted person, as well as their psychological characteristics, is analyzed. The article describes the contribution of individual domestic and foreign scientists who proposed variants of classifications and typologies of juvenile delinquents.
The study found that a significant number of classifications and typologies of juvenile offenders often take as the basis of its system of one or more characteristics, research which largely depends on the scientific interests of the authors.
Based on the generalized scientific and empirical data on the psychological, criminological, socio-demographic characteristics of minors who have committed crimes, an attempt is made to typologize the designated group. As a result of the conducted research, priority areas of psychological and pedagogical work with minors in order to prevent crime were identified.
Article represents recommendations on decrease in heat losses through heat-conducting inclusions of filler constructions of buildings. Recommendations are based on the analysis of calculations by a finite element method in software package Elcut. The purpose consists in the analysis of expediency of replacement of a steel reinforcement on glass composite reinforcement in design decisions of filler constructions in view of calculation of thermal fields. The way of decrease in the factor of cold bridges is researched by replacement of a steel reinforcement by glass composite reinforcement. It is analysed constructive units: fastenings of facing verst to a diaphragm of rigidity; adjunctions of an external wall to a column. On a result efficiency of replacement of a steel reinforcement on glass composite reinforcement in filler constructions of walls is revealed, and also results of calculation of thermal losses of design decisions of filler constructions of a building are resulted.
Article represents recommendations on decrease in heat losses through heat-conducting inclusions of sandwich panels. Recommendations are based on the analysis of calculations by a finite element method in software package Elcut and thermal imaging. The purpose of this study is to increase the thermal protection of buildings built with sandwich panels for the South Siberia conditions. The way of decrease in the factor of cold bridges is studied by adding thermal insulation of panel node connections. The authors analyzed constructive joints: roof parapet, roof cornice and junction of wall panels.
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