Racial differences, cultural variations, and postural habits, along with different stages of evolution, may be factors contributing to different observations. Split lesions of the peroneus brevis tendon were six to seven times more prevalent than was presence of the peroneus quartus muscle, which implies that split or tear lesions of the peroneus brevis tendon are more frequently involved in the manifestation of persistent retromalleolar pain compared with complications arising out of presence of the peroneus quartus muscle. Hence, accurate knowledge of presence of the peroneus quartus muscle in different populations is important because it can also be used in grafting and reconstruction in foot and ankle surgery.
Lumbricals are very small muscles in the hand but their role is much more important for the fine movements of fingers. So any variation in the lumbrical muscles has great clinical significance. During routine dissection of the right hand of a 55 year old male Indian cadaver, an accessory belly to second lumbrical was observed while in the left hand no variation observed. This accessory belly united with the second lumbrical. This variation might be useful during the routine clinical practices and hand surgeries.
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