Mauri (2019) Minimallyinvasive treatments for benign thyroid nodules: a Delphi-based consensus statement from the Italian minimally-invasive treatments of the thyroid (MITT) group,

Real practice confirmed LAT as a clinically effective, reproducible, and rapid outpatient procedure. Treatments were well tolerated and risk of major complications was very low.

No significant differences were observed in the baseline characteristics between groups after propensity score matching adjustment. Mean nodule reduction at 6 and 12 months was -67 ± 19% vs. -57 ± 21% (p < 0.001) - 70 ± 19% vs. -62 ± 22% (p = 0.001) in LA group and in RFA group, respectively. Nodules with volume >30 mL had significantly higher percentage volume reduction at 6 and 12 months (-69 ± 19 vs. -50 ± 21, p = 0.001) and (-73 ± 18 vs. -54 ± 23 8, p = 0.001) in the LA group than in the RFA group, respectively. In both groups, operator's skills affected the results. Major complications occurred in 4 cases in each group (p = 0.116) Conclusions: LA and RFA showed nearly similar outcome but LA was slightly more effective than RFA in large nodules. Operator's skills could be crucial in determining the extent of nodule volume reduction regardless of the used technique.

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Background Laser ablation may be useful in debulking of benign thyroid nodules. Methods In order to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laser ablation, 45 patients with benign solid thyroid nodules, with a fluid component ≤20%, were included in our series between October 2009 and January 2011. All reported pressure and/or cosmetic complaints. Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm was used, with a fix‐power (3W), changing the application time. All patients were evaluated at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months and any complications were recorded. Results Mean nodule volume reduction decreased from 24.2 mL ± 19.4 to 4.5 ± 5.2 at 12 months (p < .001). Mean nodule volume reduction was 84% ± 13. Cosmetic signs were completely resolved in 87%, reduced in 9%, unchanged in 2%, and pressure symptoms were resolved in 88%. One patient experienced transient dysphonia. Conclusion Ultrasound‐guided laser ablation is an effective tool for treatment of symptomatic benign thyroid nodules in patients not eligible for surgery. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 677–682, 2016

TROP-2 can be used as well as HBME-1 in thyroid cytology to detect PTC. Positivity for either or both markers could help to stratify the risk of malignancy in indeterminate FNAs. Larger studies are need to analyse its role in the behaviour of PTC and its variants.

In our study, FNAB-Tg was not detectable in all node negative patients showing, when considering together all the lymph node metastases, a 96% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

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