Trata-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório que teve como objetivos avaliar o estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes que frequentam um Centro Educacional em comunidade do Município do Rio de Janeiro, identificar os principais problemas de saúde destas e analisar a associação entre a ocorrência de problemas de saúde e o estado nutricional. A coleta de dados foi realizada junto a 168 participantes e os resultados mostraram o sobrepeso ou obesidade como principal distúrbio nutricional, e problemas referentes ao sistema respiratório. Não houve diferença estatística entre o estado nutricional e ocorrência de problemas de saúde. O estudo confirmou a tendência nacional da mudança do perfil nutricional entre crianças e adolescentes. Destaca-se a importância da atuação educativa de enfermeiros por meio de ações voltadas para a promoção da saúde e nutrição nesta população.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of leptin and other selected variables on maternal weight gain rate (MWGR) in women with normal and excessive pre‐pregnancy weights. Methods: A prospective cohort of 236 pregnant women was followed at the 5‐13th, 20‐26th and 30‐36th gestational weeks. The effects of independent variables on MWGR in normal weight (18.7kg/m2 蠄 Body Mass Index (BMI) < 25.0 kg/m2) and overweight/obese (25.0 kg/m2 蠄 BMI 蠅 45.5 kg/m2) women were assessed using longitudinal linear mixed‐effects models. Results: In the final model of women with normal BMIs, the following covariates remained significantly associated with MWGR: leptin (β=0.053, SE=0.013), HDL‐c (β=‐0.075, SE=0.021), sleep duration (β=‐0.267, SE=0.083) and maternal height (β=0.687, SE=0.071). For overweight/obese women, the associated variables were HDL‐c (β=‐0.069, SE=0.025), fasting glucose (β=‐0.066, SE=0.021), smoking habit (former smoker: β=‐4.555, SE=2.301) and maternal height (β=0.808, SE=0.151). Conclusion: Leptin presented an effect on MWGR in normal weight women but not in overweight/obese women. The HDL‐c levels and maternal height were associated with MWGR throughout pregnancy in both BMI categories. The effect of the duration of sleep on MWGR was only observed in normal weight women, and the effects of fasting glucose concentrations and smoking habits were specific to overweight/obese women.
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