Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate surface changes on dental implant systems and ions release after immersion in fluoride and hydrogen peroxide.
Methods
Ten implant‐abutment assemblies were embedded in acrylic resin and cross‐sectioned along the implant vertical axis. Samples were wet ground and polished. Delimited areas of groups of samples were immersed in 1.23% sodium fluoride gel (F) or in 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) for 16 min. Gels (n = 3) were collected from the implant surfaces and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), to detect the concentration of metallic ions released from the implant systems. Selected areas of the abutment and implant (n = 15) were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results
SEM images revealed surface topographic changes on implant‐abutment joints after immersion in fluoride. Implants showed excessive oxidation within loss of material, while abutment surfaces revealed intergranular corrosion after immersion in fluoride. ICP‐MS results revealed a high concentration of Ti, Al, V ions in fluoride after contact with the implant systems. Localized corrosion of implant systems could not be detected by SEM after immersion in hydrogen peroxide although the profilometry showed increase in roughness. ICP‐MS showed the release of metallic ions in hydrogen peroxide medium after contact with dental implants.
Conclusion
Therapeutical substances such as fluorides and hydrogen peroxide can promote the degradation of titanium‐based dental implant and abutments leading to the release of toxic ions.
The aim of this study was to characterize the mechanical properties of a bioactive-modified PEEK manufacturing approach for dental implants and to compare the in vitro biological behavior with Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) as the reference. PEEK, PEEK with 5% hydroxyapatite (HA), PEEK with 5% beta-tricalcium phosphate (ßTCP) and Ti6Al4V discs were produced using hot pressing technology to create a functionally graded material (FGM). Surface roughness values (Ra, Rz), water contact angle, shear bond strength and Vickers hardness tests were performed. Human osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts bioactivity was evaluated by a resazurin-based method, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images of fluorescent-stained fibroblasts. Morphology and cellular adhesion were confirmed using field emission gun-scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM). Group comparisons were tested using Anova (Tukey’s post-hoc) α=0.05. All groups presented similar roughness values (P>0.05). Ti6Al4V group was found to have the highest contact angle (P<0.05). Shear bond strength and Vicker’s hardness of different PEEK materials were similar (P>0.05), however mean values in Ti6Al4V group were significantly higher when compared to other groups (P<0.05). Cell viability and proliferation of osteoblast and fibroblast cells were higher in PEEK group (P <0.05). PEEK-ßTCP showed the highest significant ALP activity over time ( P <0.05 at 14 days of culture). An enhanced bone and soft tissue cell behavior on pure PEEK was obtained to the gold standard - Ti6Al4V with equivalent roughness. The results substantiate the potential role of chemical composition rather than physical properties of materials in biological responses. The addition of 5% HA or ßTCP by FGM did not enhance PEEK mechanical properties or periodontal cell behavior.
Maxillary permanent canines are the second most frequent cases of impacted teeth; their resolution demands a multidisciplinary evaluation to delineate a viable treatment plan based on the individual esthetic and functional outcomes required. An impacted maxillary permanent canine which was ankylosed in a horizontal position was extracted followed by a regeneration technique, filling the bone defect with biomaterial. An implant was immediately installed in the alveolus of the extracted deciduous canine, and a connective tissue graft was buccally positioned. After the osseointegration period, a modified Palacci and Nowzari surgical technique was performed to gain papilla, and the implant was loaded with an interim restoration with a proper profile to manipulate the soft-tissue contour. Finally, the definitive restauration was cemented achieving the desired outcomes. The achieved clinical outcomes remain stable during a 2-year follow-up. A successful management of this challenge esthetic case lies in the details at surgical and prosthetic phases based in biological response of the peri-implant tissues.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.