Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência da nefropatia induzida por contraste em pacientes cardiopatas submetidos a procedimentos angiográficos de diagnóstico e/ou tratamento. Método: Estudo prospectivo, quantitativo, realizado no setor de hemodinâmica de um hospital de grande porte, situado na região norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A amostra foi constituída por 79 participantes através do cálculo de tamanho amostral. Resultados: A amostra foi formada por 52 (65,8%) homens e 27 (34,2%) mulheres. A idade média foi de 65,9 ± 9,52 anos. A incidência de nefropatia induzida por contraste foi de 30,38%, totalizando 24 pacientes. Conclusão: Foi evidenciada uma alta prevalência de nefropatia por contraste, apesar dos pacientes apresentarem poucos fatores de risco, o que ressalta a necessidade de medidas preventivas e redução do volume de contraste.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in Brazil and are related to the need for cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which can cause complications. Objectives: Analyze the influence of CPB time on the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery at a hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Method: Retrospective study, by consulting the records of cardiovascular surgeries performed at the institution's operating room from 2013 to 2017. The sample was divided into two groups, the cutoff point used was the median CPB time (89 minutes). Statistical analysis was performed using version 26.0 of the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). The variables were described as mean, standard deviation, frequency and absolute number, comparisons between categorical variables were made using the Chi-square test and between numerical variables using Student's t test. An alpha less than or equal to 5% was considered as statistical significance. Results: The sample consisted of 236 patients, 66.1% male, mean age 60.52 ± 12.63 years, and patients with older age had a longer CPB time. The most frequent cardiac surgery was myocardial revascularization, followed by valve replacement and double correction surgery, most of the procedures occurred electively. Most of the procedures followed some complication in the immediate postoperative period, with the group with the longest CPB time showing greater statistical significance for complications and mortality. There was no significant difference when considering the length of stay and the cause of death. Conclusion: The procedures had a median CPB time of 89 minutes. Older patients, hemodynamically unstable at the beginning of surgery, and who underwent double surgical correction remain in cardiopulmonary bypass longer. CPB time greater than 89 minutes is related to a greater number of complications in the postoperative period and a higher mortality rate
Objetivo: avaliar a percepção dos enfermeiros diante do paciente com dor torácica nas portas de entrada do Serviço de Urgência e Emergência de um hospital geral. Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 10 enfermeiros em um hospital geral de grande porte do Rio Grande do Sul, em 2018. A coleta de dados ocorreu através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, estudadas conforme análise de conteúdo. Resultados: constataram-se dificuldades no entendimento da Classificação de Risco, questões estruturais e organizacionais e a falta de profissionais qualificados. Como potencialidades, atendimento de maneira ágil, buscando a mais correta identificação dos sinais apresentados pelo paciente e a realização do eletrocardiograma no tempo adequado. Conclusão: evidenciou-se que o enfermeiro percebe estar apto para tomar decisões rápidas e precisas por meio do conhecimento de protocolos assistenciais. Porém, verifica-se a interferência de processos como o subdimensionamento de pessoal e a demanda excessiva dos serviços de porta de entrada.
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