Six new azaphilones, 5'-epichaetoviridin A (7), 4'-epichaetoviridin F (9), 12β-hydroxychaetoviridin C (10), and chaetoviridins G-I (11-13), and six known azaphilones, chaetoviridins A-E (1-5) and 4'-epichaetoviridin A (8), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Chaetomium globosum cultivated in PDB medium for 21 days. The structure elucidation and the assignment of the relative configurations of the new natural products were based on detailed NMR and MS spectroscopic analyses. The structure of compound 1 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The absolute configurations of compounds 4, 7, 8, and 12 were determined using Mosher's method. The antibiotic activity of the compounds was evaluated using an in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans infection model.

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Three wild strains of C. acutatum have been investigated for their phytotoxic secondary metabolites involved in anthracnose disease. In addition to known compounds, a new macrolide 6 has been isolated and characterized by spectroscopic analysis.

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