This study investigated the parasites of three commercially important bivalve species (Crassostrea rhizophorae, Mytella guyanensis and Lucina pectinata) from the southern coast of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 540 specimens were collected in August 2009 and February 2010, at three localities. The bivalve specimens were measured on their longest axis, opened, and macroscopically examined for the presence of parasites or signs of disease. They were then fixed in Davidson' solution and subjected to routine histological processing, with paraffin embedding and H&E staining; next, the specimens were examined under a light microscope. . Nematopsis sp. ocorreu em alta prevalência, porém, aparentemente, não causou danos aos bivalves. Bucephalus sp. causou destruição de tecidos, com castração, mas foi pouco prevalente. Os demais parasitos ocorreram em baixa prevalência e intensidade de infecção e sem causar danos.

Abstract The gastropod Littoraria angulifera (Littorinidae) is an exclusively estuarine mollusk with Neotropical anfiatlantic distribution. Recent studies indicate a possible use of the species as bioindicator. The aim of this study was to analyze the shell height, as well as to perform a morphometric analysis of the reproductive apparatus of L. angulifera collected in 22 sampling points located between latitudes 13º54'S and 15º44'S in the South Atlantic, State of Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. The specimens were obtained in different estuarine environments including mangroves, as well as on rocks and concrete walls in places close to ports, shipyards and berths during January and February 2014. All specimens (n = 880) were analyzed regarding the sex and shell height/morphology, 440 were analyzed about the reproductive apparatus morphometry and 15 in histological description. The average shell height of animals from artificial substrates in nautical areas was lower (p<0.05) than the animals from mangroves, mainly in preserved areas, evidencing relation with human impacts and desiccation. The morphometric analysis of L. angulifera reproductive tract allowed us to conclude that the length of prostate in males and of palial oviduct in females may be useful in the reproductive evaluation of the species.

The present study evaluated the effect of three anesthetics at three concentrations, menthol (C10H20O) (1%, 1.5%, 2%), eugenol (C10H12O2) (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) and magnesium chloride (MgCl2) (4%, 7%, 10%) diluted in distilled water on the gastropod Littoraria angulifera. Twenty females were tested for each concentration with shell height varying between 18.3 and 26.1 mm (n = 180), all collected from the same site. The time of induction and recovery of the sedative effect, as well as the survival rate, were assessed. The animals were kept within aquaria at a temperature of 25±1°C and observations were made every 30 minutes since the beginning of the anesthesia for up to 2 hours. After this period, the animals were kept in aquaria and observed during the following 15 days for survival evaluation. Only MgCl2 caused a sedative effect on L. angulifera. At 4% and 7% MgCl2 solutions, 20% and 95% of animals were anesthetized after 2 hours, respectively, and at 10% all animals were anesthetized after 1 hour. In conclusion, L. angulifera can be efficiently anesthetized in a 10% MgCl2 solution for 1 h and the recovery occurs in 30 minutes with no apparent side effects on behavior and survival.

This study investigated the effects of tributyltin (TBT) on the morphology of the genital system of the gastropod Stramonita rustica in southern Bahia, Brazil. For this, 330 specimens were collected during the summer of 2014 at eight sampling points to ascertain whether male sex organs had developed in addition to the complete female genital tract in females (= imposex). The analyses were made under a stereoscopic microscope. Imposex and their associated indexes, and the sterile females, exhibited the highest rates in harbors and shipyards areas. Despite the total ban of TBT in anti-fouling paints on a global scale since 2003, the results of this and other studies indicate the continued use of those paints on the Brazilian coast. This shows the inefficiency of existing legislation and the need to strengthen enforcement of the ban.Keywords: antifouling, sterilization, harbors, TBT. Avaliação da contaminação por tributil-estanho baseada em imposex em Stramonita rustica (Mollusca: Gastropoda) ao longo do Litoral Sul da Bahia ResumoEste estudo investigou os efeitos de tributil-estanho (TBT) sobre a morfologia do sistema genital do gastrópode Stramonita rustica (Lamarck, 1822) no Litoral Sul da Bahia, Brasil. Para isso, 330 espécimens foram coletados durante o verão de 2014 em oito pontos de amostragem, para verificar se os órgãos sexuais masculinos tinham se desenvolvido para além do trato genital feminino completo (= imposex). As análises foram feitas sob um microscópio estereoscópico. O imposex e seus índices associados, assim como as fêmeas estéreis, apresentaram as maiores taxas em áreas portuárias e estaleiros. Apesar da proibição total do TBT em tintas anti-incrustantes em escala global desde 2003, os resultados deste e de outros estudos indicam a continuidade de uso dessas tintas na costa brasileira. Isso mostra a ineficácia da legislação vigente e reforça a necessidade de se cumprir integralmente o banimento.Palavras-chave: antifouling, esterilização, portos, TBT.

A proposta deste estudo foi analisar o Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Agronomia da UFV Campus Florestal, no que tange às temáticas de ER e CR na formação dos engenheiros agrônomos, como registro analítico da evolução dos temas visando o aprimoramento e abrangência relacionados às questões socioeconômicas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa documental exploratória, quali-quantitativa, utilizando a análise de Conteúdo de Bardin como instrumento interpretativo dos dados. Foi observado que apenas 8.8% das disciplinas de todo o curso abordam as temáticas de ER e CR, dais quais 4.9% são obrigatórias, 3.9% optativas e 5.88% necessitam de pré-requisito para serem cursadas. A temática de ER é mais frequente que a de CR, com ocorrência de 104 e 43 vezes, sendo as subcategorias mais representativas a “Instituição” e “Trocas de saberes”, respectivamente. Apenas duas disciplinas contemplam a categoria CR, deixando clara a baixa representatividade dessa competência e habilidade na formação do profissional quando analisada a ementa da matriz curricular. Conclui-se que apesar da maior prevalência da temática ER, essa só é viabilizada por meio do processo comunicativo humanizado e de troca de conhecimentos. Acredita-se que a nova resolução CEPE será uma oportunidade para viabilizar a abordagem da CR para formação de profissionais capazes de lidar com as demandas sociais, culturais e econômicas da população.