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O conhecimento dos aspectos econômicos é de suma importância para implantação de um projeto, com isso, na região sul do Brasil a floricultura comercial é recente, mas a atividade vem crescendo e obtendo dados expressivos durante os últimos cinco anos. Sendo asso, o cultivo comercial de gladíolo (Gladiolus x grandiflorus Hort.), na forma de plantio direto orgânico, apresenta estudos e dados técnicos escassos, havendo ainda carência de informações, como custos de implantação e os principais coeficientes técnicos, dificultando a análise mais precisa da possibilidade de implantação. O objetivo neste trabalho foi determinar os principais coeficientes técnicos, custos de implantação e condução de um hectare de gladíolos em sistema de plantio direto orgânico em Laranjeiras do Sul/PR. O estudo foi realizado no período de 2020/21 onde ocorreram consultas na literatura de todos os aspectos da cadeia produtiva do gladíolo como dados técnicos, tratos culturais e produção, dentre outros. Também foram coletadas informações com pesquisadores, além da instalação de um experimento a fim de validar o estudo realizado. Os custos totais de implantação e condução de um hectare de gladíolo atingiram R$ 235.895,529 cujos componentes mais significativos na composição dos custos foram os gastos com insumos, especialmente a aquisição de adubos orgânicos e bulbos. Já as operações mecanizadas e manuais resultaram em valores de baixa proporção no custo total, sendo a menor participação a dos “outros insumos”. Deste modo, conclui-se que a determinação dos custos de implantação e condução é de grande importância, visto que pode ser atraente para investidores e agricultores.

Admission to the emergency department (ED) on weekends has been associated with an increase in mortality and poor outcomes, but the associated findings are not consistent. It has been hypothesized that this association may be due to lower adherence to standards of care. This study was conducted to evaluate whether weekend admissions to the ED increases the time to antibiotic administration in septic patients. A retrospective cohort study of adult patients who were included in the sepsis protocol at a tertiary ED between January 2015 and December 2017 was performed. The sepsis protocol was activated for all patients with suspected severe infection. A total of 831 patients with a mean age of 59 ± 21 years were evaluated, of whom 217 (26.1%) were admitted on weekends. In addition, 391 (47.1%) patients were male, and 84 (10.1%) died in the hospital. Overall, the mean sequential organ failure assessment score was 2 ± 1.9, and the mean Charlson comorbidity index was 3.7 ± 3. The time to antibiotic administration was similar between patients admitted on weekends (36.29 ± 50 minutes CI 95%) and patients admitted on weekdays (44.44 ± 69 minutes CI 95%), P = .06; U = 60174.0. Additionally, mortality was similar in both groups of patients, with a 10.3% mortality rate on weekdays and a 9.8% mortality rate on weekends, P = 821. In this cohort of patients with suspicion of sepsis in the ED, admission on weekends was not associated with increased delays in antibiotic therapy or higher mortality rates.

BackgroundRadiation proctitis affects 1-20% of cancer patients undergoing radiation exposure due to pelvic malignancies, including prostate, gynecological and rectum cancers. The patients manifest rectal discomfort, pain, discharge, and bleeding. Notably, the efficacy of prophylactic measures remains controversial due to the lack of adequate animal models that mimic this condition.ObjectiveThe present study then aimed to develop a murine model of high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy-induced proctitis.Material/MethodsC57BL/6 male mice were subjected to HDR (radiation source: iridium-192 [Ir-192]) through a cylindrical propylene tube inserted 2 cm far from the anal verge into the rectum. The animals received radiation doses once a day for three consecutive days (fractions of 9.5 Grays [Gy]), 3.0 mm far from the applicator surface. The sham group received only the applicator with no radiation source. The survival rate was recorded, and a colonoscopy was performed to confirm the tissue lesion development. Following euthanasia, samples of the rectum were collected for histopathology, cytokines dosage (IL-6 and KC), and immunohistochemical analysis (TNF-α and COX-2).ResultsHDR significantly reduced animals’ survival ten days post first radiation exposure (14% survival vs. 100% in the non-irradiated group). Day seven was then used for further investigation. Mice exposed to radiation presented with rectum injury confirmed by colonoscopy and histopathology (P < 0.05 vs. the control group). The tissue damage was accompanied by an inflammatory response, marked by increased KC and IL-6 tissue levels, and immunostaining for TNF-α and COX-2 (P < 0.05 vs. control group).ConclusionsWe established a novel animal model of actinic proctitis induced by HDR brachytherapy, marked by inflammatory damage and low animal mortality.