In this paper, substrate integrated waveguide based filtenna operating at X band is proposed. The model is designed on a low-loss dielectric substrate having a thickness of 1.6 mm and comprises shorting vias along two edges of the substrate walls. To realize a bandpass filter, secondary shorting vias are placed close to primary shorting vias. The dimension and position of the vias are carefully analyzed for X band frequencies. The model is fabricated on Roger RT/duroid 5880 and the performance characteristics are measured. The proposed model achieves significant impedance characteristics with wider bandwidth in the X band. The model also achieves a maximum gain of 7.46 dBi in the operating band, thus making it suitable for X band applications.
Heterogeneous regions present in tissue with respect to cancer cells are of various types. This study aimed to analyze and classify the morphological features of the nucleus and cytoplasm regions of tumor cells. This tissue morphology study was established through invasive ductal breast cancer histopathology images accessed from the Databiox public dataset. Automatic detection and classification was carried out by means of the computer analytical tool of deep learning algorithm. Residual blocks with short skip were employed with hidden layers of preserved spatial information. A ResNet-based convolutional neural network was adapted to perform end-to-end segmentation of breast cancer nuclei. Nuclei regions were identified through color and tubular structure morphological features. Based on the segmented and extracted images, classification of benign and malignant breast cancer cells was done to identify tumors. The results indicated that the proposed method could successfully segment and classify breast tumors with an average Dice score of 90.68%, sensitivity = 98.64, specificity = 98.68, and accuracy = 98.82.
This chapter presents a compact patch antenna for backscattering application. The model utilizes a crossed slot etched on single layer low loss substrate. The dimensions of the radiating patch are tuned through parametric analysis of the model in order to improve cross-polarization (dB) isolation and the axial ratio beamwidth of the antenna, and the results are compared with other conventional antennas. The antenna attains an impedance characteristic of -17.65dB at 2.15GHz and -22.28 dB at 2.4GHz operating frequency and provides an impedance bandwidth (|S11|≤-10dB) of 60MHz ant both bands. The antenna achieves a maximum gain of 6.8dB at 2.15GHz and 7.3dB at 2.4GHz in the direction of propagation. The antenna also gives a cross-polarization (dB) of -12 dB for a wide beam angle. Finally, a good agreement has been obtained for using the proposed design for modern dual-band wireless backscattering applications.
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