Introduction: Ayushman Bharat scheme, otherwise called as Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), is a National Health Protection Scheme introduced on 23 September 2018 by the government of India to aid the economically disadvantaged families. Aim: The study was initiated to estimate the coverage, utilization, and impact of Ayushman Bharat scheme in the rural field practice area of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Settings and Design: This is the cross-sectional study conducted in the rural field practice area of Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Methods and Material: This cross-sectional study done among 300 households in Mappedu region of Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu. Simple random sampling was done to choose the study participants to reach the sample size of 300. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire. After the entry of data, the descriptive statistics was presented in frequency tables and graph. Result: The study found that out of 300 households only about 42.33% of the households were covered under Ayushman Bharat scheme. Among the households covered under Ayushman Bharat scheme, 47.24% households have availed Ayushman Bharat scheme in the past 1 year and only 10% of those availed the scheme has spent additional amount for health care. Around 39.88% of the households not having Ayushman Bharat scheme has faced financial burden because of health care expenditure. Conclusion: Creating awareness, appropriate governance, and working toward quality assurance, prompt referral pathways in both public and private healthcare providers can make Ayushman Bharat scheme effective.
Objectives Post-COVID-19 symptoms and its features in many recovered patients are almost similar to post-severe acute respiratory syndrome. The study aims to assess the outcome and manifestations during post-COVID follow-up period in recovered patients. Methods Ambidirectional longitudinal study was conducted among recovered COVID-19 patients from a tertiary care hospital near Chennai through telephonic interview after discharge. Total admitted patients from June to November 2020 were 3496 and among those 183 died and 12 transferred to other hospitals. Totally 1354 consented for study and the rest were wrong numbers or not willing to participate. Chi-square test and multinominal logistic regression analysis were done. Results Majority of, that is, 27.6% and 18.7% were in 21–30 years and >60 years, respectively. Majority were admitted with fever (38.3%), cough (15.3), and body pain (10%). Post-COVID symptoms reported were fatigue (39.7%), stress and anxiety (27.6%), and mood changes (5.8%). Some patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (10), hypertension (5), and TB (1) after discharge. Having diabetes mellitus is an independent risk to have neurological and cardio-respiratory symptoms and patients who were discharged with minimal support were to have an independent risk factor of renal symptoms on follow-up than other subjects. Conclusion The follow-up symptoms were associated with the patients’ comorbidities, age, severity of illness, and environmental factors.
Context: Self-medication in healthcare is becoming an increasingly important area. However, risks such as misdiagnosis, inappropriate drug dosage, extended time of use, drug interactions and polypharmacy are also associated with it. Aims: The present cross-sectional study aims to study the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among engineering students. Setting and Design: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in an engineering college in Chennai. Materials and Methods: A total of 199 participants were studied. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire including general information and specific questions regarding the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors was given to the study participants and were instructed to fill them. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were recorded and analysed in the excel spreadsheet using SPSS software version 16 and Chi-square test was used to perform interferential statistical analysis. Results: 199 engineering students were studied, ranging from 1 st year to 4 th year between the age group of 17–25 years. From the data collected, 154 (77.4%) participants said they had been on self-medications before and 45 (22.6%) participants said they have never been on self-medication. Conclusions: From this study we come to a conclusion that the prevalence of self-medication among the engineering students in sub-urban Chennai is high that is 77.4%. The parameters frequently linked with self-medication are the type of illness and the easy access to drugs. Since self-medication is at an alarming rate, the need of the hour is to educate the youth to ensure healthy practice.
Background: Higher proportion of people die in India due to Cardiovascular diseases. Smoking causes about 10% of all CVD and 6 million people die from tobacco smoking every year through CVD, cancer and other causes. Aims & Objectives: To determine the risk of developing cardiovascular events (fatal and non-fatal MI or Stroke) among the individuals above 40 years of age in next 10 years and to assess its magnitude of association with the smoking patterns among the study subjects. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at Rural Mangalore among 230 residents above 40 years who were selected by simple random sampling. Pretested & pre validated proforma for sociodemographic details, WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk prediction algorithm and GATS (Global Adult Tobacco Survey) Questionnaire was used. Statistics used: Chi square test and Multiple logistic regression was used. Data was analysed using SPSS version 22 software. Results: Out of 230 participants, 64% were males and 36% were females. WHO colour coding shows that 64.8% had low risk, 25.7% had moderate risk and 9.5% had high risk of getting CVD. 58.3% consumed chewable tobacco. Current smokeless tobacco users had moderate risk of CVD and Current smokers, current and past smokeless tobacco users had high risk of getting CVD independently. Conclusion: An increased risk of nonfatal myocardial infarctions among tobacco chewers was relatively lesser than for smokers and the highest increase in risk of acute myocardial infarction was in smokers who also chewed tobacco.
Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women and the second most common cancer overall. There were over 2 million new cases in 2018 diagnosed worldwide. The Indian Council of Medical Research found that an estimated 1.5 lakh new cases of breast cancer were reported in 2016, making it the most common cancer among Indians.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted with the total sample size of 256 female participants which includes first year to interns. Pre-designed semi structured questionnaire was given to the students. The knowledge was assessed in terms of risk factors, symptoms, methods of diagnosis and self-breast examination. The statistical analysis used was MS Excel 2019.Results: Out of 256 female undergraduate Allied health science students, 142 (55.47%) had good knowledge while 114 (44.53%) had poor awareness and knowledge about breast cancer and its screening methods.Conclusions: As many of the students have low knowledge on breast cancer and its screening techniques. Hence some activities on breast cancer should be planned to improve the awareness among Allied health science students.
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