The prevalence of self-medication among medical students is high, facilitated by the easy availability of drugs and information from textbooks or seniors. A significant number of students are unaware of the adverse effects of the medication that they themselves take and suggest to others. Therefore, potential problems of self-medication should be emphasised to the students.

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There is a dearth of epidemiological data about multiple sclerosis (MS) and related demyelinating disorders in India. In this study, a registry method was used for collecting data from secure sources and the index cases were verified Seventy nine patients were identified . A crude prevalence of 8.3/100,000 was obtained for MS and 6.2/100,000 for clinically-isolated syndrome (CIS). Age-standardized prevalence of MS relative to the world population was 7.8/100,000. Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and spectrum disorders (NMOS) constituted 13.9% of all demyelinating disorders, with a prevalence of 2.6/100,000. Larger studies with more refined survey methodologies are required to understand the true prevalence of demyelinating disorders in India.

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Background:Initially viewed as a human rights issue, partner violence is increasingly seen as an important public health problem of international concern.Objectives:To assess the extent of physical, sexual, psychological, and controlling behavior of intimate partners against women in an educated society and find the association with age, age of marriage, married years, educational status of the women and that of partner.Materials and Methods:A prevalence of 15% was taken and final sample was 200, after considering loss of follow-up.Statistical Methods:Proportion, Z-test, Chi-square test.Results:The prevalence of violence against intimate partner in educated society was found to be 40.5% in a South Indian city. Physical assault was high in 30–50 years and increased with duration of marriage from 5.5% at 5 years to 33.3% in 10–20 years of married life. Sexual and psychological assault also increased in <5 years of married life to 35% and 47.6% in 10–20 years duration of marriage, which was statistically significant. Sexual and psychological assault showed a bimodal presentation. Less educated women and their partners were found to report more violence, which was statistically significant.Conclusion:Violence against women is not uncommon in the educated society.

Background: There is a surge in epidemiological modeling research due to sudden onset of COVID-19 pandemic across the globe. In the absence of any pharmaceutical interventions to control the epidemic, nonpharmaceutical interventions like containment, mitigation and suppression are tried and tested partners in epidemiological theories. But policy and planning needs estimates of disease burden in various scenarios in absence of real data and epidemiological models helps to fill this gap. Aims and Objectives: To review the models of COVID-19 prediction in Indian scenario, critically evaluate the range, concepts, strength and limitations of these prediction models and its potential policy implications. Results: Though we conducted data search for last three months, it was found that the predictive models reporting from Indian context have started publishing very recently. Majority of the Indian models predicted COVID-19 spread, projected best-, worst case scenario and forecasted effect of various preventive measurements such as lockdown and social distancing. Though the models provided some of the critical information regarding spread of the disease and fatality rate associated with COVID-19, it should be used with caution due to severe data gaps, distinct socio-demographic profiling of the population and diverse statistics of co-morbid condition. Conclusion: Although the models were designed to predict COVID spread, and claimed to be accurate, significant data gaps and need for adjust confounding variables such as effect of lockdown, risk factors and adherence to social distancing should be considered before generalizing the findings. Results of epidemiological models should be considered as guiding beacon instead of final destination.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a major clinical and public health problem accounting for 4.6 million deaths annually world-wide. According to the recent World Health Organization report (WHO), India today leads the world with over 32 million diabetic patients and this number is projected to increase to 79.4 million by the year 2030(2). The recent surveys indicate that Diabetes now affects a large part of the population i.e. 10-16% of urban and 5-8% of rural population in India(1). Objectives: This study aims at estimating the prevalence of diabetes, the household awareness, the pattern and regularity of health seeking behaviour among the households for diabetes. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted among 40 households of Kuttar and Manjanady village of semi urban Mangalore. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire after pre-testing. Questions on awareness were prioritised, scored and then analysed. Likert scale was used to grade the awareness score. Results: Community prevalence of diabetes was found to be 7.7%. Out of the total population 8.8% of males and 6.8% of females were diabetics. Among the diabetics male and female distribution was equal i.e. 50%. Among the 7.7% of diabetics 50% of the subjects also had Hypertension. Awareness was average among 35% of the subjects. About 27.5% had poor score and 37.5% had very poor score for the awareness. Conclusions: Community prevalence was low. Lifestyle modification was not present among Diabetics. Awareness was poor among the households.

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