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NDROGENIC, ESTROGENIC, AND PROCES-A togenic steroids all exert a metabolic and morphologic effect on the The female and male hormones have different but overlapping effects on the liver. Ingestion of estrogens and progesterones is associated with intrahepatic cholestasis, rise in serum transaminase, increased Bromsulphalein retention, and focal nodular hyperplasia. Ingestion of androgens is associated with cholestasis, peliosis hepatis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The progesterones and 17-alkylated anabolic steroids affect mainly the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, whereas estrogens affect mainly protein synthesis in rough endoplasmic reticulum. All patients developing jaundice or hepatocellular carcinoma after treatment with anabolic steroids invariably have received compounds containing a methyl or ethyl group at the 17 position, e.g., oxymetholone or methyltestosterone. More From the .James Homer

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