Conclusions-HPV infection was found to be a multicentric genital andlor anorectal event both in women and men. The oral presence of HPV DNA was detected only once in one of the participants. In women persistent HPV infection was more common than in men. Independent predictors for presence of HPV DNA in women were diagnosis of condylomata acuminata, reporting genital dermatologic abnormalties and age. Incidence of HPV infection in women turned out to be 47*1 infections per 100 person-years and for men 50.5 per 100 person-years. (Genitourin Med 1994;70:240-246) Introduction Over the last decade knowledge about the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been expanding, but many controversial questions remain to be answered. Which anatomical sites are harbouring the latent or occult papillomavirus infections both in men and women?' What is the natural history of HPV infection and what is the subsequent risk of invasive cancer?2 To answer some of these questions we performed a longitudinal study among heterosexual men and women with multiple sexual partners to assess the prevalence, incidence and potential risk factors of genital HPV infections. In addition, we wanted to investigate the existence of latent and subclinical infection and to identify the niches of HPV.

Objectives: To study the association of serovars of Chlamydia trachomatis with clinical manifestations of genital tract infection and socio-demographic characteristics. Methods: In 1986-88 the C trachomatis isolates from 159 heterosexual men and 116 women attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic were collected and typed accordingly. A medical history was recorded, a physical examination took place and samples were taken for laboratory diagnostics.Results: Serovars E, F and D were the most common for both men (75%) and women (67%). Men infected with serovars of the C-complex had more often a history of STD (p = 0 06). The opposite was demonstrated in women (p = 0.07). In addition, women younger than 18 years at first intercourse were more often infected with C-complex serovars (p = 0.05). For men, the serovars F/G less often produced symptoms of urethral discharge (p = 0-01) than the serovars of the B-complex and C-complex and were less often associated with the presence of 10 or more leukocytes in a Gram-stained smear (p = 0.04). Conclusions: In this study, infections with serovars F and G caused less obvious symptoms and signs of inflammation in men; in women no differences were found in the clinical manifestation of infections with different serovars. (Genitourin Med 1996;72:261-265)

No abstract

Inclusion of partner pharmacotherpy provides significant improvements in overall cost-effectiveness of the CT screening program among women aged 15 to 29. Partner pharmacotherapy lowers net costs per major outcome averted to the realm where implementation of the screening program should be considered. Considering the cost-saving potential, male partner pharmacotherapy should be pursued within the broader framework of a CT screening program for women. Reinfection should be included in any future pharmacoeconomic model of CT screening. Further work on this type of model should also be directed to linking cost-effectiveness to epidemiological models for the long-term spread of infectious diseases in populations.

Background-Herpes simplex virus (HSV) hepatitis is a rare and potential life-threatening disease. The diagnosis of HSV hepatitis is hampered by its indifferent clinical presentation, which necessitates confirmatory laboratory data to identify HSV in the affected liver. However, liver biopsies are often contraindicated in the context of coagulopathy, are prone to sampling errors and have low sensitivity in mild HSV hepatitis cases. There is an unmet need for less-invasive diagnostic tools.