Encapsulation in packaging of food ingredients is of great interest at micro and nano levels. It is a distinct process leading to the entrapping of one substance within another material. Lipid oriented encapsulation methods are currently considered as a superior choice for encapsulation of sensitive ingredients, focusing on foods and dietary supplements of hydrophobic and hydrophilic molecules along with bioactive compounds, food ingredients supplementary systems for therapeutic purpose. Liposome and nanoliposome techniques have been widely used in food industry in nutrient enrichment and supplements. It enhances the sensory attributes and shelf life of the food product and serves as an alternative to micro encapsulation. These lipid and water oriented systems have distinguished advantages and provide higher surface area in food processing, which increases product solubility, bioavailability and permits accurate targeting of the encapsulated material to a greater extent in food and nutraceutical production. This review article focuses on nanoliposome, its preparation techniques, advantages and application of nanoliposome in food and nutraceutical process.

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Magnetorheological (MR) fluids and dampers have wide advances as smart materials because of its unique properties, notably, viscosity increases in the presence when magnetic field applied MR Fluids composed of three key components, including carrier fluid, surfactants and metal particles. The major applications of MR Fluids are in brakes, dampers, journal bearings, fluid clutches, pneumatic artificial muscles, aerospace etc. where electrical energy is converted to mechanical energy (Damping Force) in a controlled manner. Within a few milliseconds the fluid converts from liquid to semi solid state. Over the years, researchers were concerned on the ways to enhance the modelling precision. Though the proposed Dynamic models of MR Dampers represent displacement and force behaviour. In this review paper, the advances of MR Fluids, MR Damper, Damper Models, Energy harvesting and their applications for seismic resistance of structures are briefly discussed in the present study.

A B S T R A C TThe present study focusses on the damping force control of shear mode magnetorheological (MR) damper for seismic mitigations. Therefore, the semi-active MR damper which can control the vibration is analyzed both experimentally and numerically. Carbonyl iron is used as the magnetic particle and Castrol Magnetec oil as carrier fluid throughout the study. MR damper is designed and fabricated, and its damping force was evaluated experimentally at 2.5 A-10 V. Shear mode MR Damper is tested in universal testing machine using time history loading. The model was numerically analyzed using Newmark's method for nonlinear system in MATLAB to control the three storey model building frame taken from the literature. The result indicates that 49.42% reduction in displacement at the second storey and 48.14% in the third storey, respectively. Maximum reduction was observed when damper was kept in the ground floor. The maximum force observed for the MR Damper is 0.777 kN.

In this paper, a vibration control system with magnetorheological (MR) damper investigation is reviewed. At first a MR damper is investigated analytically using various finite element method software and the performance is investigated using experimental. The MR Dampers are designed and modelled for a scaled down setup. The application is in seismic resistance of buildings, automobile, physical and biological. Finally, the damper is investigated using various technique and methods used to study the performance is reviewed. This device reduces the vibration in both active and semi active control system effectively.

Objective:The objective of the present work was to formulate and to characterize controlled release matrix tablets of losartan potassium in order to improve bioavailability and to minimize the frequency of administration and increase the patient compliance.Materials and Methods:Losartan potassium controlled release matrix tablets were prepared by direct compression technique by the use of different natural, synthetic and semisynthetic polymers such as gum copal, gum acacia, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K100 (HPMC K100), eudragit RL 100 and carboxy methyl ethyl cellulose (CMEC) individually and also in combination. Studies were carried out to study the influence of type of polymer on drug release rate. All the formulations were subjected to physiochemical characterization such as weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, drug content, and swelling index. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.2) for first 2 h and followed by simulated intestinal fluid (pH 6.8) up to 24 h, and obtained dissolution data were fitted to in vitro release kinetic equations in order to know the order of kinetics and mechanism of drug release.Results and Discussion:Results of physiochemical characterization of losartan potassium matrix tablets were within acceptable limits. Formulation containing HPMC K100 and CMEC achieved the desired drug release profile up to 24 h followed zero order kinetics, release pattern dominated by Korsmeyer — Peppas model and mechanism of drug release by nonfickian diffusion. The good correlation obtained from Hixson-Crowell model indicates that changes in surface area of the tablet also influences the drug release.Conclusion:Based on the results, losartan potassium controlled release matrix tablets prepared by employing HPMC K100 and CMEC can attain the desired drug release up to 24 h, which results in maintaining steady state concentration and improving bioavailability.

Magnetorheological damper (MR damper) is one of the promising vibration control systems, applicable for damping seismic induced vibrations in structures, because of their ability to be controlled and to adapt their mechanical properties by varying the magnetic field, their high damping force, their low energy input required and their simple use. This paper presents the experimental results carried out to study the use of Nano Fe3O4as component of MR fluid. The Nano Fe3O4particles are obtained by an indigenous process to convert a waste product of chemical industry. The performance of Nano Fe3O4MR fluid is compared with five commercially available samples in the market namely, Mill scale, cast iron (1), cast iron (2), carbonyl iron and white iron oxide. Surface morphology was identified using SEM & the average particle size was analysed using XRD. Viscosity & settling measurements were also performed for all the six samples. Shake table tests were conducted to study the performance of steel frame with MR damper. The model for the study was a single bay three storey steel frame where the response of the structure, in terms of acceleration, velocity and displacement was observed. It was observed that the percentage of reduction in displacement, velocity, acceleration, approximately 40 – 67% for structure with MR damper.