Clinical signs of aging verified by morphometrical analysis of brain tissue were observed in young mice 4 months after administration of brain extract from old mice (5 intraperitoneal injections).
Comparative microspectrophotometric study of the nuclear Feulgen DNA content in pretumorous processes and cancers (larynx, endometrium, large intestine, and stomach) has made it possible to formulate an exponential law of DNA accumulation in cell populations in proliferating and malignant tissue. The dynamics of changes in the "index of DNA accumulation" can be used as an objective quantitative diagnostic test. A scale of malignant transformation was proposed with which the degree of probability of malignancy in pretumorous processes could be estimated. The data obtained allowed the author to propose a hypothesis of DNA superproduction as the basic cause of progressive neoplastic growth.
Comparative computer-assisted microspectrophotometric analysis of histological preparations showed that the mean nuclear ploidy increased 1.3 times in glandular hyperplasia and 2-fold in adenocarcinoma of 3 progressive degrees of dysdifferentiation. Proliferative activity of cells also increased from stage to stage. The data visualize cell nuclei ploidy and facilitate objective differential diagnostic decision making.
The concentrations of cyclic nucleotides (CN) were examined in rectal mucosal biopsy specimens from 52 patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC) and 10 healthy controls. The three degrees of inflammation, evaluated macroscopically by endoscopy and by morphometry in the specimens by estimating the cellular infiltration of the lamina propria, corresponded nicely with each other. The proliferative-regenerative morphologic changes in the rectal mucosa were graded qualitatively and quantitatively in three groups in accordance with defined criteria. A significant difference in cAMP concentration was only found between the most severe degree of inflammation (infiltration, 44.6%) in UC and healthy controls. cAMP concentration in rectal mucosal specimens was lower at the highest degree of regeneration than in specimens with lower degrees. Thus cAMP may play a role in the epithelial regeneration of rectal mucosa. The values of CN concentration did not correlate with the degree of inflammation in rectal mucosa from patients with UC.
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