Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a diagnostic emergency threatening patients in a major way. Pediatric renal extra purification methods are limited in African countries due to the nonavailability of resources. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) seems to be the modality that is the most practiced for children with acute renal failure (ARF). Methodology: We conducted a retrospective study on 5 years of records of children from 1 month to 15 years who have suffered an ARF and benefited from PD while being treated at the pediatric nephrology unit of the Chu of Yopougon. ARF is defined as the condition that exists when the serum creatinine level is high or equal to 200 µmol/l outside any underlying uropathies. Results: Out of the hospitalized 88 children for AKI, 33 were on PD. Twenty-two children have been on dialysis while 9 children had to discontinue treatment due to financial problems. The sex ratio was 0.46 and the average age was 8.1. The etiologies of the AKI were predominantly glomerular diseases (45%), malaria (31.8%), and secondary interstitial nephritis of toxic origin. The indications of the PD are anuria (31%), hyperkalemia (18%), acute edema of lung (13%), and hyperuremia (13%). Eight children had automated peritoneal dialysis, 02 children underwent manual PD, and 9 children had both methods of treatment. We recorded 31 mechanical complications and 10 infections. While 8 children died, 10 recovered from AKI. Conclusion: Trained surgical medical personnel and favorable economic statuses of patients are the factors that will determine the success of PD in our country.

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The most widespread arbovirus in the world, dengue fever has been rampant since the 18th century. Since then, several epidemics have been documented in Asia, the Caribbean, South America and Africa. The authors report two cases of dengue fever in children aged six (6) and twelve (12) years respectively. The diagnosis of several dengue pulmonary was retained in these children, clinico-radiological and biological arguments. In addition to the hemorrhagic syndrome, the pulmonary symptomatology associated cough, dyspnea. Chest X-ray revealed bilateral and extensive alveolar interstitial radiological lesions. From a biological point of view, the positivity of dengue-specific IgM has confirmed arboviruses. From the diagnostic peculiarities of the cases observed, the authors suggest the search for factors associated with a primary dengue infection from several onsets to pulmonary manifestation in children. Indeed, this fringe of the population is no longer concerned with acute respiratory infections. In addition, the socio-cultural context of poverty, of pre-hospital therapeutic itinerary favoring traditional medicine, delays hospital care.

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