-Schinus molle L., also known as pepper tree, has been reported to have antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antitumoural and cicatrizing properties. This work studies supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) to obtain volatile and non-volatile compounds from the aerial parts of Schinus molle L. and the influence of the process on the composition of the extracts. Experiments were performed in a pilot-scale extractor with a capacity of 1 L at pressures of 9, 10, 12, 15 and 20 MPa at 323.15 K. The volatile compounds were obtained by CO 2 supercritical extraction with moderate pressure (9 MPa), whereas the non-volatile compounds were extracted at higher pressure (12 to 20 MPa). The analysis of the essential oil was carried out by GC-MS and the main compounds identified were sabinene, limonene, D-germacrene, bicyclogermacrene, and spathulenol. For the non-volatile extracts, the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. Moreover, one of the goals of this study was to compare the experimental data with the simulated yields predicted by a mathematical model based on mass transfer. The model used requires three adjustable parameters to predict the experimental extraction yield curves.
a b s t r a c tIn this work a study about extracts obtained from Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil. leaves with supercritical CO 2 was carried out. Experiments were performed in a pilot-scale extractor with capacity of 1 L at pressure of 120, 150, 170 and 200 bar for four temperature conditions, 313.15, 323.15, 333.15 and 343.15 K. The experimental data were fitted using a mathematical model characterized by the existence of two distinct periods of extraction. Numerical results for the adjusted parameters correlated very well the supercritical extraction experimental data. The confidence of results obtained from mathematical model and experiments was assured through the chi-square test.
The recrystallization of caffeine extracted with dichloromethane from coffee beans by a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process was studied. Acicular crystalline particles with a particle size down to 2.5 μm were obtained, and product purity was increased as a result of SAS processing. Furthermore, by modification of process conditions, it was possible to vary the proportion between the metastable and stable crystalline polymorphic forms of caffeine, obtaining fractions of stable form ranging from 40% to nearly 100%.
Essential oil from mate tea leaves was extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at 120 bars and temperatures ranging from 323.15K to 343.15K. The experiments were carried out using a high-pressure apparatus in a pilot scale unit. Mathematical modeling was realized using a mass transfer model proposed by Sovová, generating information about unknown parameters for supercritical extraction of essential oil from mate tea leaves, and it was possible to observe agreement between the mathematical model and the experimental data.
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