This paper explores a methodology for bias quantification in transformer-based deep neural network language models for Chinese, English, and French. When queried with health-related mythbusters on COVID-19, we observe a bias that is not of a semantic/encyclopaedical knowledge nature, but rather a syntactic one, as predicted by theoretical insights of structural complexity. Our results highlight the need for the creation of health-communication corpora as training sets for deep learning.
The paper shows how "Allah" is used in Yemeni Arabic (YA daily conversations). As in the Arabic world and the Muslim world, the term Allah has a variety of meanings in Yemeni Arabic, reflecting the belief that Allah alone handles all their affairs, blesses, and is eager or criticizes someone to do something. Therefore, it shows several expressions containing the word Allah when it contains a sentence. Some of these expressions have multiple meanings, such as /Allah alaik/, which has two meanings: (“You are the best!” and the irony, “this is like a disaster!”) The word Allah is present in other expressions but with entirely different meanings, such as when expressing moaning or aiming for guidance. This research-based is on social life contact, reaction, and cultural influence of native Yemenis. Other most common expressions have been discussed in this paper, which shows the word, in its rule, has a significant religious and cultural bias in Yemeni society using this term.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0099/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
In this paper, the author shows how ‘Allah’ is used in daily Yemeni Arabic conversations. The term Allah has a variety of meanings in Yemeni Arabic, as it does in the Arab world, reflecting the belief that Allah alone is in charge of all the affairs, grants blessings, and either encourages or criticizes someone to do something. The result of this is that the term Allah appears in several expressions when the term is part of a sentence containing the word. For example, there are expressions that have over one meaning, such as Allah alaik, which signifies two literal meanings. The word Allah can also be found in other expressions, but with entirely different meanings, including moaning or aiming for guidance. I conducted a study looking at the occurrences of social life contact, reactions, and the cultural influence of native Yemenis. The rest of this paper explores some of the other most common expressions used in Yemeni society, which shows the word is heavily influenced by religion and culture in its use in Yemeni society.
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