The lack of a commercial laboratory, pilot and small manufacturing scale dead end continuous filtration and drying unit it is a significant gap in the development of continuous pharmaceutical manufacturing processes for new active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). To move small-scale pharmaceutical isolation forward from traditional batch Nutsche filtration to continuous processing a continuous filter dryer prototype unit (CFD20) was developed in collaboration with Alconbury Weston Ltd. The performance of the prototype was evaluated by comparison with manual best practice exemplified using a modified Biotage VacMaster unit to gather data and process understanding for API filtration and washing. The ultimate objective was to link the chemical and physical attributes of an API slurry with equipment and processing parameters to improve API isolation processes. Filtration performance was characterized by assessing filtrate flow rate by application of Darcy's law, the impact on product crystal size distribution and product purity were investigated using classical analytical methods. The overall performance of the 2 units was similar, showing that the prototype CFD20 can match best manual lab practice for filtration and washing while allowing continuous processing and real-time data logging. This result is encouraging and the data gathered provides further insight to inform the development of CFD20.

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Abstract-We propose a novel algorithm to compute lowcomplexity polytopic Robust Control Invariant (RCI) sets, along with the corresponding state-feedback gain, for linear discretetime systems subject to norm-bounded uncertainty, additive disturbances and state/input constraints. Using a slack variable approach, we propose new results to transform the original nonlinear problem into a convex/LMI problem whilst introducing only minor conservatism in the formulation. Through numerical examples, we illustrate that the proposed algorithm can yield improved maximal/minimal volume RCI set approximations in comparison with the schemes given in the literature.

We explore the impact of nonstandard interactions at source and detector on the interpretation of reactor electron neutrino disappearance experiments with short and medium baseline designs. We use the constraints from the recent results from short baseline experiments and generalize current estimates of medium baseline event rates to include charged current interactions at source and detector with standard Lorentz structure but with nonstandard flavor structure. We find that the average spectrum of observed events at a baseline of 50 km, in the middle of the currently favored region, provides a probe of new interactions. We show that an improvement in sensitivity to nonstandard interactions is possible if combined with improved precision of input mixing parameters in independent experiments, despite ambiguity in interpretation of medium baseline data. We show that nonstandard interactions can enhance or suppress the sensitivity of experiments to the mass hierarchy, depending on the phases of the parameters and the CP-violating phase in the standard three-neutrino mixing picture.PACS numbers: I. INTRODUCTIONIn the past year the Double Chooz [1], Daya Bay [2] and RENO [3] electron neutrino disappearance experiments have announced measurements of the elusive parameter sin 2 (2θ 13 ) in the vicinity of 0.1. The significance of the measurements of Daya Bay and RENO is many standard deviations from zero, making their results a milestone in the understanding of neutrino physics. Daya Bay's result is especially interesting in that its systematic error is a factor 3 smaller than its statistical error in the first announced result and a factor 2 smaller in the second announcement with greatly increased statistics [4]. The total uncertainty is about 12% and the ultimate uncertainty estimate is 1/3 of that. The plans for substantial increase in precision of these measurement and ongoing plans for increased precision from accelerator experiments beyond MINOS [5] and T2K [6] make this a good time to assess the impact on searches for new physics, such as those surveyed in Refs. [7], [8] and [9]. Short and medium baseline reactor neutrino experiments involve only vacuum oscillation and thus are ideal for the purpose of revealing effects of flavor changing nonstandard interactions (NSI) at source and detector [8], since flavor conserving NSI and their contribution to matter effects only play a significant part in analysis of higher energy, longer baseline experiments.Though charged lepton decays put stringent bounds on many lepton flavor violating parameters in the "charged current" modes, the direct evidence against lepton flavor violation in neutrino experiments, referred to as "model independent limits", is much weaker [10]. There is now a strong effort to use the large value of sin 2 (2θ 13 ) to determine the mass hierarchy (MH) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] in medium baseline experiments, such as the JUNO [23][24][25] and projects. This goal was inaccessible in the KamLand experiment [27], both because th...

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This paper presents an algorithm for the computation of full-complexity polytopic robust control invariant (RCI) sets, and the corresponding linear statefeedback control law. The proposed scheme can be applied for linear discretetime systems subject to additive disturbances and structured norm-bounded or polytopic uncertainties. Output, initial condition, and performance constraints are considered. Arbitrary complexity of the invariant polytope is allowed to enable less conservative inner/outer approximations to the RCI sets whereas the RCI set is assumed to be symmetric around the origin. The nonlinearities associated with the computation of such an RCI set structure are overcome through the application of Farkas' theorem and a corollary of the elimination lemma to obtain an initial polytopic RCI set, which is guaranteed to exist under certain conditions. A Newton-like update, which is recursively feasible, is then proposed to yield desirable large/small volume RCI sets. KEYWORDS full-complexity polytope, LMIs, optimization, robust control invariant sets, uncertain systems Int J Robust Nonlinear Control. 2019;29:3587-3605.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/rnc

Condensation occurs in most of the heat transfer processes, ranging from cooling of electronics to heat rejection in power plants. Therefore, any improvement in condensation processes will be reflected in the minimization of global energy consumption, reduction in environmental burdens, and development of sustainable systems. The overall heat transfer coefficient of dropwise condensation (DWC) is higher by several times compared to filmwise condensation (FWC), which is the normal mode in industrial condensers. Thus, it is of utmost importance to obtain sustained DWC for better performance. Stability of DWC depends on surface hydrophobicity, surface free energy, condensate liquid surface tension, contact angle hysteresis, and droplet removal. The required properties for DWC may be achieved by micro–nanoscale surface modification. In this survey, micro–nanoscale coatings such as noble metals, ion implantation, rare earth oxides, lubricant-infused surfaces, polymers, nanostructured surfaces, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and porous coatings have been reviewed and discussed. The surface coating methods, applications, and enhancement potential have been compared with respect to the heat transfer ability, durability, and efficiency. Furthermore, limitations and prevailing challenges for condensation enhancement applications have been consolidated to provide future research guidelines.