In conclusion, all types of injuries in sub-zone I and clean-cut injuries in sub-zone II are candidates for composite grafting. Blunt-cut and crush-avulsion injuries in sub-zone II are marginal candidates for composite grafting. Any type of injury in sub-zone III or IV is contraindicated for composite grafting and should be treated by microanastomosis.
Nipple position and areola size vary by body shape. Consideration of the differences is recommended when performing procedures such as female-to-male gender-reassignment surgery or correction of gynecomastia.
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