Wasted food due to spoilage is a critical resource issue. Food waste or food loss is food that is discarded or lost uneaten. Currently, in the world, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), consumers waste about 1.3 billion tons of food annually and consumers in rich countries waste about 222 million tons of food products Once food products are purchased and set aside in a refrigerator , the users do not alert about their food items' expiration date and/or freshness unless they individually examine and track them. Moreover, for food An improved algorithm to fire detection in forest by using wireless sensor networks Abdulsahib, G.M. Khalaf, O.I. View all related documents based on references
Software-defined networking (SDN) plays a critical role in transforming networking from traditional to intelligent networking. The increasing demand for services from cloud users has increased the load on the network. An efficient system must handle various loads and increasing needs representing the relationships and dependence of businesses on automated measurement systems and guarantee the quality of service (QoS). The multiple paths from source to destination give a scope to select an optimal path by maintaining an equilibrium of load using some best algorithms. Moreover, the requests need to be transferred to reliable network elements. To address SDN's current and future challenges, there is a need to know how artificial intelligence (AI) optimization techniques can efficiently balance the load. This study aims to explore two artificial intelligence optimization techniques, namely Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), used for load balancing in SDN. Further, we identified that a modification to the existing optimization technique could improve the performance by using a reliable link and node to form the path to reach the target node and improve load balancing. Finally, we propose a conceptual framework for SDN futurology by evaluating node and link reliability, which can balance the load efficiently and improve QoS in SDN.
<span>Telco operators need to tailor their networks to be agile, efficient and able manage the operational cost at moderate level. Furthermore, the norm of network volatility practiced by many enterprises open to a new challenge in managing an increasing traffic over the same WAN. For an enterprise, turning toward Bandwidth-on-Demand (BoD) approach promises to deliver extra network capacity when in demand without the complexity of running separate network. However, they need to manually transform these high-level policies into low-level configuration command and thus error-prone. This study was to address the effects of SDN (software-defined network) on the BoD performance towards the differences between the reactive and intent forwarding based on the assessment matrix. The testbed was performed under Mininet simulator which interacted with ONOS (Open Network Operating System). Mesh type topology with a predetermine parameter matrix was used using random topology generator. The expected outcome from this research was to show the effect on the BoD performance under two type of forwarding; reactive and intent based on the assessment matrix. This report contributed towards determining the effectiveness of SDN architecture on BoD performance and to improve future benchmarking on SDN-BoD testbed.</span>
In the next generation optical internet, GMPLSbased IP-over-optical networks, ISPs will be required to support a wide variety of applications each having their own requirements. These requirements are contracted by means of the SLA. This paper describes a recovery framework that may be included in the SLA contract between ISP and customers in order to provide the required level of survivability. A key concern with such a recovery framework is how to present the different survivability alternatives including recovery techniques, failure scenario and layered integration into a transparent manner for customers. In this paper, two issues are investigated. First, the performance of the recovery framework when applying a proposed mapping procedure as an admission control mechanism in the edge router considering a smart-edge simple-core GMPLS-based IP/WDM network is considered. The second issue pertains to the performance of a pre-allocated restoration and its ability to provide protected connections under different failure scenarios.Index Terms-Multi-layer survivability, quality of restoration, recovery mechanisms.
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