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Abstract. In this study, effect of plasma actuator on a flat plate and manipulation of flow separation on NACA0015 airfoil with plasma actuator at low Reynolds numbers were experimentally investigated. In the first section of the study, plasma actuator which consists of positive and grounded electrode couple and dielectric layer, located on a flat plate was actuated at different frequencies and peak to peak voltages in range of 3-5 kHz and 6-12 kV respectively. The induced air flow velocity on the surface of flat plate was measured by pitot tube at different locations behind the actuator. The influence of dielectric thickness and unsteady actuation with duty cycle was also examined. In the second section, the effect of plasma actuator on NACA0015 airfoil was studied at Reynolds number 15000 and 30000. Four plasma actuators were placed at x/C = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.9, and different electrode combinations were activated by sinusoidal signal. Flow visualizations were done when the attack angles were 0°, 5°, 10°, 15° and 20°. The results indicate that up to the 15° attack angle, the separated flow was reattached by plasma actuator at 12kV peak to peak voltage and 4 kHz frequency. However, 12 kV pp voltage was insufficient to reattach the flow at 20° angle of attack. The separated flow could be reattached by increasing the voltage up to 13 kV. Lift coefficient was also increased by the manipulated flow over the airfoil. Results showed that even high attack angles, the actuators can control the flow separation and prevent the airfoil from stall at low Reynolds numbers.

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The aim of this work was to determine the distribution of trace metals in the coastal sediments from the area between Silifke and Alanya (Turkey) and to investigate the sources of these elements, based on their mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical characteristics. Forty three samples were analysed for the determination of their water content, grain-size distribution, petrographical features and their chemical and mineralogical compositions. The samples had low water content, in agreement with the large sand grain size.The mineralogical composition reflects the complex geological setting of the area. The most abundant mineral phases are represented by calcite and dolomite, followed by quartz and mica. Chlorite, feldspar and other carbonates are present in lesser amounts, while kaolinite was detected in one sample only. All samples contain hematite, chromite, magnetite and goethite and one sample contained pyrite. Samples with high concentrations of trace metals, contained fragments of metamorphic rocks with pyroxene, amphibole, quartz and feldspar, whereas carbonates and opaque minerals were subordinate. Compared to literature data, the average concentrations of several elements and trace metals were great enough to be considered as possibly toxic, exceeding the Turkish higher acceptable limits. Geochemical data were treated statistically using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to obtain evidence of their distribution and to identify any correlations.Based on the distribution of mineral phases, the area investigated was divided into different provinces, each characterized by the abundance of one, or more, tracer minerals. In the westernmost areas, between Alanya and Demirtas, the sediments indicate a provenance from dolomites or marbles. In the area between Demirtas and Gazipasa the provenance was from quartzites, clastic and metamorphic rocks and in the sector between Guney and Anamur, the sediments were derived mostly from low-grade metamorphic rocks, in particular metaschists and metabasites. The sediments in the area between Anamur and Ovacik, display variable source rocks and those between Ovacik and Silifke, were derived from limestones and, subordinately, clastic rocks.The trace-metal concentrations in beach sands appear to be related to the abundance of silicate minerals derived from weathering of the metamorphic-rock outcrops in the inland mountainous regions. In contrast, the trace-metal contents of the limestone- and dolomite-bearing beach sands were small.

Özetçe HOG algoritması son yıllarda kompleks içerikli görüntülerde nesne tanıma işlevini yüksek başarım ile gerçekleştirebilen bir algoritma olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu basit fakat etkin tanımlayıcının donanımsal gerçeklenmesi bir çok temel örüntü tanıma işlevinde kullanılabilirliği söz konusu olduğundan önemlidir. Bu çalışmada HOG algoritmasının, farklı geometrik şekilleri yüksek bir başarım ile tanıyabilen donanımsal uyarlaması FPGA üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. İncelenen görüntü içerisinde geometrik şeklin yatay ve dikey kenar bulma algoritmaları kullanılarak gradyan büyüklük ve açıları hesaplanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar histogram üretmek için kullanılmış ve bu histogramların her bir şekil için ayırt edici karakteristiğe sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Kural tabanlı bir sınıflandırıcı uyarlanarak gerçek zamanlı olarak nesne tanıma uygulamalarında kullanılabilecek bir gömülü sistem yaklaşımı başarı ile sunulmuştur. Abstract Recent years HOG algorithm has been used to recognize objects in images, with complex content, with a very high success rate. Hardware implementation of this algorithm is very important because of the fact that it can be used in many object recognition applications. In this work HOG algorithm is implemented on FPGA to recognize different geometrical figures with a very high success rate. Objects vertical and horizontal edges have been sharpened using edge detection algorithms to calculate magnitude and angle of the local gradients. Obtained result are used to construct the histograms of gradient orientation. It is observed that each constructed histogram have distinctive features for every object. Rule based classifiers has been used to implement a successful real time object recognition approach on embedded system.