The trend of clarithromycin, metronidazole, and fluoroquinolone resistance of H. pylori increased over time and the resistance to amoxicillin and tetracycline was infrequent and stable in Beijing. Clarithromycin, metronidazole, and fluoroquinolone should be used with caution for H. pylori eradication treatment.

H. pylori infection is common in both rural and urban regions of Beijing. Residing in a rural area, having a lower family income, and lower education level are significant risk factors associated with infection.

Objective Helicobacter pyloriinfection is mostly a family-based infectious disease. To facilitate its prevention and management, a national consensus meeting was held to review current evidence and propose strategies for population-wide and family-basedH. pyloriinfection control and management to reduce the related disease burden. Methods Fifty-seven experts from 41 major universities and institutions in 20 provinces/regions of mainland China were invited to review evidence and modify statements using Delphi process and grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation system. The consensus level was defined as ≥80% for agreement on the proposed statements. Results Experts discussed and modified the original 23 statements on family-basedH. pyloriinfection transmission, control and management, and reached consensus on 16 statements. The final report consists of three parts: (1)H. pyloriinfection and transmission among family members, (2) prevention and management ofH. pyloriinfection in children and elderly people within households, and (3) strategies for prevention and management ofH. pyloriinfection for family members. In addition to the ‘test-and-treat’ and ‘screen-and-treat’ strategies, this consensus also introduced a novel third ‘family-basedH. pyloriinfection control and management’ strategy to prevent its intrafamilial transmission and development of related diseases. Conclusion H. pyloriis transmissible from person to person, and among family members. A family-basedH. pyloriprevention and eradication strategy would be a suitable approach to prevent its intra-familial transmission and related diseases. The notion and practice would be beneficial not only for Chinese residents but also valuable as a reference for other highly infected areas.

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AIM:To compare the efficacy and side effect profiles of three furazolidone and amoxicillin-based quadruple rescue therapies for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ). METHODS:Patients who failed in the H pylori eradication therapy for at least one course were randomly allocated into three groups. Group A received rebaprazole 10 mg + amoxicillin 1 g + furazolidone 100 mg, and bismuth subcitrate 220 mg, twice daily for 1 wk; group B received the same regimen of group A but for 2 wk; and group C received the same regimen of group B, but furazolidone was replaced by furazolidone 100 mg three times daily. To record the side effect profiles at the end of the treatment, H pylori eradication was assessed with 13 C-urea breath test 4 wk after therapy. RESULTS:Sixty patients were enrolled including 28 males, and 20 patients in each group. The average age of the patients was 49.2 years, ranging from 18 to 84 years. H pylori eradication rates with per-protocol analysis were 82%, 89% and 90% in the three groups, respectively. Side effects were found in 11 patients, including mild dizziness, nausea, diarrhea and increased bowel movement. None of the 11 patients needed treatment for their side effects. CONCLUSION:One-or two-week furazolidone and amoxicillin-based quadruple rescue therapy with a low dose furazolidone (100 mg bid ) for the eradication of H pylori is effective. Extending the antibiotic course to 14 d could improve the eradication rates.