High sodium consumption may increase the risk of hypertension. ANVISA has proposed reducing sodium levels in food, but this may reduce consumer acceptance. This study investigated the technological and sensory profile of samples of beef burger replacing NaCl with KCl added flavor enhancers, namely: CON (100% NaCl), F50 (50% NaCl and KCl + PuraQ®Arome NA4), and F60 (40% NaCl and 60% KCl + PuraQ®Arome NA4). Physicochemical, technological, microbiological and sensory parameters of the formulations were evaluated. There was no difference between formulations in microbiological, physicochemical and technological parameters. For color analysis, F60 reduced to the coordinate a* and raised b* compared to the CON. In sensory analysis, F60 reduced the flavor attribute compared to the CON. PuraQ® minimized the salty perception of the F50, however, but did not avoid the residual flavor in the F60. The principal component analysis associated the attributes with the formulations as follows: succulent and ideal seasoning (CON), soft and without salt (F50), and salty and residual flavor (F60). It was concluded that the reduction of 50% of NaCl added enhancer was better accepted by consumers, being a promising strategy in reducing sodium in burgers.
Objective To evaluate the impact of low to moderate aerobic exercise and ovariectomy on body composition and food consumption in female rats. Methods Forty adult Wistar female rats (age: 23 weeks; body weight: 275.2±3.6g; mean±SEM) were divided into 4 groups (n=10): laparotomy-sedentary; laparotomy-exercised; ovariectomy-sedentary; and ovariectomy-exercised. The exercised groups were submitted to a treadmill running program (16m/min; 30min/day, 5 days/week), for 8 weeks. Body weight and food consumption were monitored during the experiment. Visceral fat and carcass water, protein, ash, fat and carbohydrate fractions were analyzed. Two-way ANOVA plus the Tukey’s post hoc test was used for comparisons and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results The ovariectomized (ovariectomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-exercised) and sedentary (laparotomy-sedentary+ovariectomy-sedentary) animals showed higher (p<0.05) weight gain, food consumption, food efficiency ratio and weight gain/body weight ratio than laparotomy animals (laparotomy-sedentary+laparotomy-exercised) and exercised (exercised laparotomy+exercised ovariectomy), respectively. The ovariectomized and sedentary animals showed higher (p<0.05) carcass weight, fat percentage and visceral fat than laparotomy and exercised rats, respectively. Conclusion Ovariectomy and physical inactivity increase obesogenic indicators, whereas regular aerobic exercise of low to moderate intensity attenuates these unfavorable effects in female rats.
Objetivo: Avaliar a autopercepção das alterações alimentares, imagem corporal e nível de atividade física de estudantes que migraram para estudar em outra cidade. Métodos: Perfrmou-se um estudo transversal com 28 universitários que responderam 25 questões de um formulário online sobre as alterações alimentares, imagem corporal e nível de atividade física decorrentes da mudança de residência. Resultados: Para o fator quantidade alimentar verificou-se relatos de mudar boa parte ou quase tudo, contudo a qualidade das alterações foram ambíguas como mudar para pior e para melhor, bem como aumetar e diminuir a quantidade de comida por refeição. Estudantes reduziram o número de refeições por dia para 3 a 4, e informaram consumir fast food de 2 a 4x/mês. Avaliados exibiram alto índice de insatifação corporal por sobrepeso, serem fisicamente ativos e elevado tempo sentado. Não observou-se diferença estatística entre os sexos nos parâmetros estudados, todavia, o percentual de homens que diminiuram o número de refeições, insatisfeitos por sobrepeso e ativos fisicamente foi maior. Conclusão: Residir em outra cidade para estudar pode alterar os padrões alimentares de universitários, como também estar assodiada à insatisfação corporal e a comportamentos sedentários apesar de serem fisicamente ativos. Baixo consumo de fast food foi justificado à predominância dos estudantes ter formação acadêmica na área de saúde.
This study characterized the beverage of passion fruit and whey protein added with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). The acidity, pH, soluble solids, protein, phenolic compounds, and color of the sample did not differ during the 28 days at 5°C. The LGG counts in the beverage remained >7.70 log CFU/mL during the evaluation period. However, the LGG count was significantly reduced after the in vitro simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) evaluation (reduction of 5 logarithmic cycles after processing). On the other hand, the LGG resistance to GIT increased during the shelf-life of the beverage (LGG count of ~ 4.0 log CFU/mL after 28 days). In addition, the LGG count after GIT increased by approximately 2.0 logarithmic cycles when microencapsulation and fermentation technologies were used in beverage processing. Thus, the product has the potential to be commercialized, due to high viability of LGG use to increase the resistance of LGG to GIT.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of fruit and vegetable drink supplementation on muscle recovery after resistance exercise. Methods: 11 men performed two experimental conditions 12 days apart, in a randomized and double-blind manner: 1) Supplementation with Smoothie - drink based on pineapple, mint, sage, ginger, and pomegranate; and 2) Placebo - drink based on artificial pineapple juice. Participants ingested 400 mL of Smoothie or Placebo drinks daily for 9 days, starting one week before performing the exercise (10 sets of 10 unilateral maximum repetitions in leg press 45º). The perceived subjective recovery (PSR), thickness (MT) and soreness (MS) in the anterior thigh muscles, and maximum isometric strength (MIS) were measured before, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after exercise. Results: There was a reduction in MIS and PSR and an increase in MS 24 h after exercise (p < 0.05). In both situations, MIS returned to baseline values at 72 h (p > 0.05), while PSR and MS returned to baseline values 96 h after exercise. There was no change in MT (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation with pineapple, mint, sage, ginger, and pomegranate drinks did not accelerate muscle recovery over 96 h after the 45º leg press exercise.
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