Pseudotumor cerebri is a relatively common pathology that is characterized by intracranial hypertension in the absence of mass lesions. It commonly affects young and obese women, and its presentation with visual loss and bilateral papilledema is well-described in the literature. We present a case of a 44-year-old, non-obese, female patient presenting with unilateral papilledema and iron-deficiency anemia. This case emphasizes this unusual presentation and the rare association with iron deficiency.

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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous disease caused by a fungus known as Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Central nervous system (CNS) is affected in 12% of the cases, but posterior fossa involvement is rarer. We report a case of a patient who presented an expansive lesion at the posterior fossa causing a right hemispheric cerebellar syndrome. After lesion excision and analysis, the diagnosis of Neuroparacoccidiomicosis was confirmed. Our case highlights this rare presentation of this pathology and its capacity to simulate neoplastic lesions. RESUMO Introdução: Paracoccidiomicose (PCM) é uma doença granulomatosa sistêmica causada por um fungo conhecido como Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. O sistema nervoso central (SNC) é afetado em 12% dos casos, porém o envolvimento da fossa posterior é mais raro. Descrevemos um caso de um paciente que apresentou lesão expansiva na fossa posterior causando uma síndrome cerebelar hemisférica direita. Após a excisão e análise da lesão, o diagnóstico de neuroparacoccidiomicose foi confirmado. Nosso caso destaca essa rara apresentação desta patologia e a sua capacidade de simular lesões neoplásicas.

The cavernous angioma is a vascular malformation that can affect various organs, and its location in the spinal cord is unusual. We report a case of a pregnant patient who presented with pain in the lower limbs and urinary retention, diagnosed with cavernous angioma of the spinal cord and treated with surgical excision. Our case highlights this rare pathology and its initial presentation during pregnancy. RESUMOO angioma cavernoso é uma malformação vascular que pode acometer diversos órgãos, sendo incomum sua localização na medula espinhal. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente grávida que apresentou dor em membros inferiores e retenção urinária, diagnosticada com angioma cavernoso da medula espinhal e tratada com ressecção cirúrgica da lesão. Nosso caso destaca essa rara patologia e sua apresentação inicial durante a gravidez.

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The hemangiomas are benign vascular malformations. There are two types of hemangiomas that may affect the central nervous system, the cavernous type and the capillary type. The last is most uncommon and its presentation at spinal epidural space is extremely rare. These lesions usually present with signs and symptoms of myelopathy, radiculopathy or cauda equine syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the examination of choice and the treatment must be surgical regardless of the presentation of the patient due to the risk of spinal cord compression.