Three experiments were conducted to investigate the locus of attentional control under the information-overload conditions stemming from tachistoscopic presentation of a horizontally arranged row of letters. In Experiment 1, left-right visual field accuracy differences were greater in a whole-than in a single-report task, reflecting a pronounced influence of report order bias effects. However, accuracy in the single-report task, which is relatively unaffected by report order biases, also declined from left to right across stimulus positions. In Experiment 2, single-report task requirements which provided an opportunity for rehearsal had negligible effects on the shape of the stimulus-position function. In Experiment 3, the leftright accuracy differences were observed to vary as a function of cue delay interval in a single-report visuospatial probe task. The degree of left-field superiority was negligible with a short delay interval, and much greater with longer delay intervals. The results are discussed in terms of a cognitive scanning operation.Within an information processing approach, it is typically assumed that certain aspects of the perceptualmemory system may be easily overloaded. Consequently, all of the information presented within a multiple-item stimulus display, or within a brief temporal span, may not always be correctly reported. It is usually assumed, further, that the correctly reported items may have received some type of processing priority over other items. The present research is addressed to the relative effects of such processing biases within different stages of information analysis. In attempting to localize operations during which some information may receive additional processing while other information is lost or interfered with, varying degrees of emphasis have been placed upon the transmission, storage, and output components of the information flow system. One of the experimental procedures which has been used to investigate the locus of initial processing biases is the tachistoscopic whole-report task. In this task, accuracy has typically been observed to decline in correspondence with the left-to-right spatial positions of a horizontally arranged, bilaterally displayed stimulus sequence.The notion that such effects may be accounted for via attentional processes operating during transmission has been elaborated upon in terms of a cognitive scanning strategy (Bryden, 1967;Heron, 1957). This attentional process is assumed to direct the sequence in which units of visual information components are Requests for reprints should be sent to Frederick ;-'1. Schwantes,
Vocalization latency of target words which were either congruous or incongruous with a story context was measured. The readability level of the story contexts was varied. Third and sixth grade children each read stories which were of grade-appropriate level as well as stories with readability levels which were above their present grade level. The effect of story context on mean vocalization latency was greater for the third as compared to the sixth graders when grade-appropriate level stories were presented. However, these developmental differences in context effects were reduced when more difficult readability level stories were presented.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.