In the Campeche Knolls, in the southern Gulf of Mexico, lava-like flows of solidified asphalt cover more than 1 square kilometer of the rim of a dissected salt dome at a depth of 3000 meters below sea level. Chemosynthetic tubeworms and bivalves colonize the sea floor near the asphalt, which chilled and contracted after discharge. The site also includes oil seeps, gas hydrate deposits, locally anoxic sediments, and slabs of authigenic carbonate. Asphalt volcanism creates a habitat for chemosynthetic life that may be widespread at great depth in the Gulf of Mexico.

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to examine changing discursive conceptualizations of technology transfer mechanisms for speeding up innovation in Germany and the US since World War II with particular emphasis on universities. According to our analysis, the concepts of technology transfer are getting more and more complex, taking off from a linear model of innovation to a more complex model allowing for networking and entrepreneurial activities of the universities themselves. We suggest that the discourses in both countries can be framed employing three ideal-typical models: the information and documentation model, the cooperation model, and the blurring of boundaries model. In addition to these similarities, we also discuss differences that can be traced back to broader political cultures in which technology transfer is embedded. Both similarities and differences allow for a comparative perspective which is not limited to the countries analyzed here.

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The focus on situated practices in current valuation studies becomes an obstacle when situations are too narrowly defined, when moments of valuation are treated as isolated events and especially when the interconnectedness of moments across situations and social fields is neglected. In order to overcome these limitations, we propose the concept of valuation constellations (Meier et al. 2016). Based on the literature on valuation the concept distinguishes positions and their relations, rules, and infrastructures. We present these three components of constellations and demonstrate the potential of the concept regarding three analytical puzzles of valuation analysis: historical change of valuation processes, the definition and solution of valuation problems, and the legitimacy of valuations. Each of the puzzles is illustrated with an empirical case, i.e. dating platforms and apps, higher education, and amateur reviewing. Going beyond situationalism, the valuation constellations perspective is key to understanding interconnected valuation processes.

The paper focuses on the role academic organizations and their members play within their socioeconomic and socio-political contexts. It presents findings of the case study of a German university. Based on qualitative interviews, written documents and bibliometric analyses, we can see that, first, most of the university's links to the economy, political actors, and broader civil society emerge in a bottom-up and decentralized way, and they thrive on individual motivation and commitment. Therefore, there are clear limits to the formal institutionalization of such activities at the organizational level. Second, while ties to industry pay off at least indirectly through research funding, links to regional policy-making and broader civil society remain largely unrewarded in academia. For the future, we expect a growing tension between the organizational goal to embrace additional goals and the individual goals, especially of younger researchers who increasingly tend to focus on those activities that are rewarded in academia.

Result8As previously shown, it is possible to interconvert under very mild conditions the vin ylketene-and vinylcarbene-Fe(CO), complexes 2 and 3 obtained by the reaction of FedCOk with the dimer 1 of diphenylcyclopropene. They thus represent a model system of the carbonylation reaction of a carbene complex. Investigating further the reactivity of complex 3 we studied l;eactions with different phosphanes (PR,, PR,R) and phosphites P(0Rh. Normally displacement of CO and formation of metal-substituted ketene complexes OcCuT. In the case of R = Ph another carbeneketene pair 4a/5a was found to react with CO reversibly, similar to 2 and 3. 3 adds also CH2 to form a (b~tadiene)Fe(CO)~ complex (7). (C5H& Co(CO), also causes ring opening in 1 to yield a vinylketene compound 9 with the CpCo(CO), moiety. The crystal structures of 9 and of three Fe complexes (44% 5a) have been determined. Praparative Ergebnisse Eisen-VerbindungenIn Fortfuhrung dieser Arbeiten erfolgten weitere Untersuchungen am Carben-Komplex 3 zunachst mit dem Ziel, dessen Reaktionsfahigkeit gegeniiber Phosphanen und Phosphiten (L) zu priifen. Schema 1 gibt einen Oberblick uber die durchgefuhrten Reaktionen und die dabei erhaltenen Ergebnisse. In allen Fallen erfolgt Addition des Liganden L an das Metall unter Verdrangung einer CO-Gruppe, welche in die Chem.

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