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Outcomes in those women who underwent the Vecchietti technique via the laparoscopic approach are comparable to those who underwent laparotomy.

Abdominal ultrasound and finally laparoscopy used to treat and remove the cysts were useful to monitor all simple abdominal cysts. MRI seemed not to be useful for the treatment of this condition, especially in the pediatric age when mild sedation is required.

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Although a medical treatment can be considered, the treatment of choice in these patients should be that of excisional surgery so as to avoid lesion relapse and the risk of oncogenic transformation. Despite umbilical endometriosis is a rare finding, this relatively small case series treated by laparoscopically-assisted omphalectomy shows a complete resolution of the lesion and symptoms along with good aesthetic results at a long-term follow-up.

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Analysis of the fetus should start with the assessment of lactates and acid-base balance. The method which revolutionized the techniques of foetal monitoring is undoubtedly represented by cardiotocography. However, likely most of neurological outcomes are not correlated with a perinatal event or with peripartum asphyxia. Approximately 10% of cases of CP would actually be due to perinatal asphyxia, and this percentage approaches approximately to 15% if we consider only newborns at term. This again confirms the weak association of a causal relationship between asphyxia and CP. In addition, available foetal suffering markers are vague and allow to identify only less than half of the effective cases of newborns which will develop CP.