RESUMO (O papel da Feira de Ciências como estratégia motivadora para o ensino de Botânica na educação básica). O ensino de Botânica é marcado por inúmeros problemas, como escassez de metodologias que motivem os alunos. Assim, foi proposto aos alunos das disciplinas de Botânica da Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual do Ceará a elaboração de uma Feira de Ciências, com conteúdo exclusivamente botânico utilizando mapa conceitual e outro material de livre escolha. A feira ocorreu em uma escola da rede pública de Fortaleza, CE, Brasil, com participação de alunos de 9° ano ao 3º ano do Ensino Médio. Após sua realização, foi aplicado um questionário aos graduandos de forma a compreender a percepção deles a respeito da atividade. Observou-se que necessitam de uma série de fatores que possibilitem sua execução, dentre eles disponibilidade de recursos e tempo hábil para executá-la. Portanto, conclui-se que essa metodologia desperta o interesse dos alunos pelos assuntos abordados, desde que haja suporte para tal, podendo servir de complemento à metodologia exclusivamente expositiva.
A salinização dos solos e um problema que ocorre quando existe um excesso de sais na solução do solo, afetando a pecuária e a agricultura, causando prejuízos econômicos e ambientais. O trabalho objetivou avaliar comunidades vegetais presentes em áreas salinizadas do perímetro irrigado Curu-Recuperação, em Pentecoste-CE. Foram realizadas cinco coletas em duas áreas do perímetro, em três épocas do ano (início da quadra chuvosa, final da quadra chuvosa e estação seca) constituídas de contagem de plantas e coletas de solo. Registrou-se a presença de 37 espécies divididas em 14 famílias, sendo Fabaceae a mais representativa. As espécies Blutaparon vermiculare L., Cyperus rotundus L. e Malachra fasciata Jacq., foram as mais representativas, sendo a primeira espécie com a maior uniformidade na distribuição dentre todas as coletas. O índice de Shannon obtido foi semelhante ao encontrado em áreas sob o efeito do estresse salino. Deste modo, foi possível identificar espécies tolerantes a salinidade no solo e com aplicações alimentícias, medicinais, para uso em programas de haloforraginocultura e na recuperação de solos degradados.Palavras-chave: Halófita, salinidade, semiárido. Herbaceous-shrub Halophytic Community of the Irrigated Perimeter of the County Pentecoste–CE A B S T R A C TSalinization of soils is a problem that occurs when there is an excess of salts in the soil solution, affecting livestock and agriculture, causing economic and environmental damages. The objective of this work was to evaluate plant communities present in salinized areas of the irrigated perimeter Curu-Recuperação, in Pentecoste-CE. Five collections were carried out in two perimeter areas, in three seasons of the year (beginning of the rainy season, end of the rainy season and dry season), consisting of plant counts and soil collections. The presence of 37 species divided into 14 families was recorded, with Fabaceae being the most representative. The species Blutaparon vermiculare L., Cyperus rotundus L. and Malachra fasciata Jacq., were the most representative, being the first species with the greatest uniformity in the distribution in all collections. The Shannon index obtained was similar to that found in areas under the effect of saline stress. Therefore, it was possible to identify species tolerant to salinity in the soil and with food and medicinal applications, for use in haloforraginculture programs and in the recovery of degraded soils.Keywords: Halophytes, salinity, semiarid.
This study was an endeavor undertaken to assess the biomass yield of the species that are native to a particular region characterized by saline soil, in the Irrigated Perimeter Curu-Pentecoste, in the municipality of Pentecoste-CE, corresponding to the qualities of moisture, pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil. The experiment was conducted in six areas, with area 1, the one nearest to the collecting drain, the end having the highest salinity and area 6, the one furthest away from the collecting drain, the end with the lowest salinity. The factorial design with the 2 x 6 scheme was adopted, in which the first and second factors referred, respectively, to the seasons (drought and rain collection) and collection areas. In each area, eight permanent 5 x 5 m plots were demarcated, which included 8 repetitions per treatment. Within each permanent plot the quantity of forage was gathered within an area of 0.25 x 0.25 m. Soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-20 cm, and the EC, pH and soil moisture were determined. The phytomass was oven dried, after which the water content and yield were recorded. Three subsamples per area were burned in a muffle furnace to determine the percentage of ash content. The resultant high pH and EC values, typical of arid soils and related to the significantly low humidity, can cause harm to most of the crops cultivated in the Northeast of Brazil. However, the biomass yield was substantial, indicating that the species occurring there possessed adaptive mechanisms to enable them to tolerate the conditions of saline soil and water stresses prevalent there.
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