RESUMO -A Caatinga é um dos biomas menos conhecidos em termos de estrutura e composição florística, aspecto preocupante, pois sofre um intenso processo de antropização. Partindo desse princípio, foi realizado um levantamento fitossociológico da vegetação adulta e regeneração natural em áreas com diferentes históricos de perturbação. Para amostragem do componente arbustivo/arbóreo adulto e regeneração natural instalou-se, de forma sistemática, 18 unidades amostrais em cada área (Ambiente I e Ambiente II), com dimensões de 10 x 25 m e 10 x 5 m, respectivamente. Foram inventariados os indivíduos adultos com CAP ≥ 6,0 cm, e para regeneração natural mensurados os indivíduos com altura superior a 0,5 m e CNB < 6,0 cm. No ambiente II foram amostrados 1155 indivíduos, pertencentes a 6 famílias e 12 espécies, e no ambiente I amostrados 286 indiví-duos, pertencentes a 3 famílias e 6 espécies. O índice de diversidade foi de 1,5 e 0,23 nats. VEGETATION STRUCTURE CAATINGA IN REMAINING FROM DIFFERENT WITH HISTORICAL DISTURBANCE IN THE REGION OF CAJAZEIRINHAS -PBABSTRACT -The Caatinga is one of the least known biomes in terms of structure and floristic composition, worrying aspect because it undergoes an intense process of human disturbance. With this assumption, we carried out a phytosociological survey of adult vegetation and natural regeneration in areas with different histories of disturbance. For a sampling of the shrub/adult tree and natural regeneration, settled in a systematic, 18 sampling units in each area (Habitat I and Habitat II), with dimensions of 10 x 25 m and 10 x 5 m respectively. Individuals were surveyed adults with CAP ≥ 6.0 cm, and natural regeneration measured the individuals taller than 0.5 m and CNB <6.0 cm. Habitat II in the were sampled 1155 individuals belonging to 6 families and 12 species, and the habitat I was sampled 286 individuals belonging to three families and six species. The diversity index was 1.5 and 0.23 for Nats.individual -1 Habitat II and habitat I respectively. We sampled 636 individuals in natural regeneration, being habitat I in 360 and 276 in the Habitat II. The diversity index of natural regeneration for the Habitat II and habitat I were 1.21 and 0.8 Nats.individual -1 . It was concluded that human activities were able to change the vegetation structure and species diversity in both habitats significantly.
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