SUMMARYBrazilian patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomised in a 12-week, double-blind, double-dummy study to receive doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS) 4 mg q.i. I N T R O D U C T I O NBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant enlargement of the prostate that can cause bladder obstruction leading to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) as the increased prostatic mass compresses the urethra and inhibits urinary flow (1). The incidence of BPH increases proportionately with advancing age, with more than 70% of men older than 70 years having histologic evidence of BPH (2).Selective a 1 -adrenoceptor antagonists are considered the first line of standard pharmacologic treatment for patients with BPH (3). These agents reduce urethral pressure (3) and inhibit smooth muscle tone in the prostate and lower urinary tract (4) by interrupting the motor sympathetic adrenergic nerve supply to the prostate, reducing the pressure, and improving the LUTS and urinary function in patients with BPH (5).Although all of the currently available a 1 -adrenoceptor antagonists have demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of BPH, each is unique in its affinity for various receptor subtypes (a 1A , a 1B and a 1D ) (3) and, thus, the potential for both beneficial and adverse events (AEs). Doxazosin and tamsulosin, both a 1 -adrenoceptor antagonists, have been shown to provide the relief of symptomatic BPH with once-daily dosing. The efficacy of doxazosin, a long-acting, selective a 1 -adrenoceptor antagonist, has been demonstrated by improvements in urinary flow rate and symptomatic measures (e.g. nocturia, hesitancy, urgency and weak stream) (6,7). Recently, a controlled-release formulation, doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system (GITS), has been shown to enhance the pharmacokinetic profile and drug delivery rate, minimising the fluctuations and extending the time to peak serum concentration compared with the doxazosin standard formulation (8). Doxazosin GITS eliminates the need for

-Context -Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is characterized by lipid deposits in the hepatocytes and has been associated with obesity, dyslipidemia and type-2 diabetes. It is considered a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome, of which the main component is insulin resistance leading to hyperinsulinemia and increased production of inflammatory cytokines. Saturated fat promotes hypertriglyceridemia and hyperinsulinemia, reduces levels of high-density cholesterol and increases levels of low-density cholesterol, while polyunsaturated fat is associated with hypolipidemic, antiinflammatory and imunoregulating action. ObjectiveTo evaluate the hepatic and biochemical repercussions of a polyunsaturated fat-rich diet in Wistar rats. Methods -Twenty-two rats were distributed equally in two groups: GI -standard diet (Biobase Bio-tec Ratos e Camundongos ® ) providing 3.000 kcal/kg and GII -hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet providing 4.250 kcal/kg (ω-6:ω-3 = 3:1). The animals were euthanized after 23 weeks of experiment. The weight, biochemical parameters and hepatohistological changes were registered. Results -Findings were submitted to variance analysis with the level of statistical significance at 5%. The average weight did not differ significantly between the groups at baseline (P = 0.711), but was greater in Group II by the end of the experiment (P = 0.000). The levels of triglycerides (P = 0.039), total cholesterol (P = 0.015) and HDL (P = 0.005) were higher in Group I than in Group II. Macrovesicular steatosis was significantly more common in Group II than in Group I (P = 0.03). Conclusion -Hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet rich in polyunsaturated fat promotes weight gain and favors the development of hepatic steatosis while reducing serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL.

PURPOSE: To determine whether a hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids influences the formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in colonic mucosa of Wistar rats treated with azoxymethane (AOM). METHODS: At eight weeks of life, the rats were assigned to four groups: Group I―standard diet (STD) not treated with AOM; Group II―hypercaloric and hyperlipidic diet (FED), not treated with AOM; Group III―STD, treated with AOM; Group IV―FED, treated with AOM. At 16 weeks, the animals were injected intraperitoneal with 0.9% saline solution (Group I and II) or AOM at 15mg/Kg (Groups III and IV) once a week for two weeks. Fifteen weeks later, the animals were euthanized. RESULTS: FED promoted weight gain in Groups II and IV compared to Groups I and III, respectively. The groups did not differ with regard to the total number of ACF. The Chi-square test revealed no predominance of the presence of foci with <4 crypts. However, foci with ≥5 crypts were proportionally more prevalent in Group III than in Group IV (p=0.043). CONCLUSION: The administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids did not interfere with the formation of aberrant crypt foci, but reduced ACF multiplicity, exercising an attenuating effect on carcinogenesis.

Purpose: To describe a technique for en bloc harvesting of the corpus cavernosum, cavernous artery and urethra from transplant organ donors and contraction-relaxation experiments with corpus cavernosum smooth muscle. Materials and Methods:The corpus cavernosum was dissected to the point of attachment with the crus penis. A 3 cm segment (corpus cavernosum and urethra) was isolated and placed in ice-cold sterile transportation buffer. Under magnification, the cavernous artery was dissected. Thus, 2 cm fragments of cavernous artery and corpus cavernosum were obtained. Strips measuring 3 x 3 x 8 mm 3 were then mounted vertically in an isolated organ bath device. Contractions were measured isometrically with a Narco-Biosystems force displacement transducer (model F-60, Narco-Biosystems, Houston, TX, USA) and recorded on a 4-channel Narco-Biosystems desk model polygraph. Results: Phenylephrine (1µM) was used to induce tonic contractions in the corpus cavernosum (3 -5 g tension) and cavernous artery (0.5 -1g tension) until reaching a plateau. After precontraction, smooth muscle relaxants were used to produce relaxation-response curves (10 -12 M to 10 -4 M). Sodium nitroprusside was used as a relaxation control. Conclusion:The harvesting technique and the smooth muscle contraction-relaxation model described in this study were shown to be useful instruments in the search for new drugs for the treatment of human erectile dysfunction.

In the model of colorectal carcinogenesis, preneoplastic and neoplastic hepatic lesions appear and evolve in proportion to the time of exposure and dose of azoxymethane.

Penile prosthesis implant is the definitive treatment for refractory erectile dysfunction. Fracture of malleable prosthesis is rarely described due to its low incidence. We describe a case of multiple, bilateral fracture of a malleable penile implant, ten years after implantation. After the diagnosis, a review surgery was performed and the implants were replaced. No corporal rupture or urethral lesion was observed. Review of the literature shows few articles reporting penile implant fractures, and to our knowledge no other article has described multiple, bilateral fractures of a penile prosthesis.

Immersing microscopy samples in water aids the visualization and quantification of aberrant crypt foci in rat colon mucosa fixed in formaldehyde.

Enxerto composto de artéria torácica interna esquerda e veia safena magna: estudo angiográfico após oito anosLeft internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein as a composite graft: 8-year angiographic follow-up study AbstractThe use of a composite graft of left internal thoracic artery (LITA) with arterial or saphenous vein (SV) segments can allow complete revascularization of the left coronary system (LCS) without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and without ascending aorta manipulation (AAM), in order to reduce some complications in the immediate postoperative period. This study shows 8-year angiographic follow-up results of two patients underwent no-touch aorta off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using LITA and SV as a composite graft to supply LCS. Resumo O uso de enxerto composto de artéria torácica interna esquerda (ATIE) com segmentos arteriais ou segmentos de veia safena magna (VSM) pode permitir a revascularização completa do sistema coronariano esquerdo (SCE) sem circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e sem manuseio da aorta ascendente (MAA), como forma de tentar reduzir alguns riscos e complicações no pós-operatório imediato. Neste trabalho, relatamos os resultados angiográficos, após oito anos, de dois pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do SCE com enxerto composto de ATIE e VSM, sem CEC e sem MAA.Descritores: Revascularização miocárdica. Angiografia coronária. Artéria torácica interna. Veia safena. 119LOBO FILHO, JG ET AL-Left internal thoracic artery and saphenous vein as a composite graft: 8-year angiographic follow-up study Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc 2010; 25(1): 118-121 cinecoronarioangiography, which showed patency of both grafts, directing attention to the absence of radiological signs indicative of atheromatosis in venous graft in all projections (Figure 1). After conservative treatment, the patient was discharged with a clinical picture of compensated heart failure.