We start from the assumption that school mathematics knowledge could be better explained if social practices were considered to be generators of knowledge. This perspective changes the way we look at what school mathematics knowledge is and what it takes to teach and learn it. In this article, we will present a teaching situation about periodic functions, which was designed with this perspective in mind. The design was based on the assumption that the scientific notion of periodic function is related with the social practice of prediction. In the situation, prediction as a social practice is transformed into a situational line of argument which redefines that which is periodical. The situation brings into play meanings for the repetition of a movement, which takes place in time in the context of graphs of functions. Our analysis of the situation will focus on the prediction tools that participants generated in order to define that which is periodical. We will conclude with some implications of our observations for the teaching of mathematics.KEY WORDS: arguments and tools, prediction and the periodical aspect, redefinition, social practice, social group, socioepistemology Educational Studies in Mathematics (2005) 58: 299-333
Introduction Fusion genes, also known as chimeras, play important roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Then, their role becomes crucial in the areas of biomarkers and therapeutic targets investigation. High-throughput sequencing technologies combined with sophisticated bioinformatics tools might facilitate the discovery of such aberrations. A significant number of bioinformatics algorithms have been developed to detect fusion genes. Detection strategies are quite variegated. In this review, we inspect the strategy of 18 fusion-finder algorithms to understand how these tools call chimeras. Materials and methods In this review, we considered 18 tools which, to the best of our knowledge, are the current state-of-the-art chimera detection tools. Results The considered tools can be classified according to their alignment strategies into four different macro-groups as follows: whole paired-end, paired-end + fragmentation, direct fragmentation and statistical read distribution. The first two techniques require pairedend reads because they exploit encompassing reads during the first alignment phase, while the last two can be applied on both the read formats. Conclusion There is still some work to be done in the area of chimeras detection, especially concerning the definition of common benchmarks and increased specificity.
La enseñanza de la optimización habitualmente se ha convertido en un proceso mecánico y desprovisto de argumentaciones: en general son ignorados sus usos en situaciones específicas de otras disciplinas, tales como la ingeniería. Con la Teoría Socioepistemológica, hacemos una investigación empírica donde se problematiza la epistemología de usos para valorar la justificación funcional que demandan otros dominios de conocimiento. Analizamos aspectos de la obra Mecánica Analítica de Lagrange y del trabajo de ingenieros mecatrónicos. Se definió a ingenieros en formación como la comunidad de estudio, y se sustenta la emergencia de una situación específica de selección así como sus usos y significados de la optimización. La metodología consistió en la técnica de análisis documental y en entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se encontró que las situaciones de selección generan significaciones y argumentaciones de optimización.
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