The objective was to study the relationship of climatic conditions with the temperature of the scrotum surface and sperm quality through digital infrared thermography in Nellore bulls, raised extensively. In six bulls held with scrotal thermography Flir E40® cameras, blood samples for serum testosterone and semen collection were taken by electroejaculation every 10 days, with six replications. Climatic factors: ambient temperature, relative humidity, dry globe temperature and temperature of the wet globe were recorded using a globe thermometer (InstruTemp®, ITWTG-2000). Thermal images of the scrotum were analyzed with the Flir Tools® software for the temperatures of scrotal surface, the right and left sides of the scrotum lap thirds: dorsal, middle and ventral testicles; and tails of the epididymis. The semen data and thermograms were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5%. Pearson correlation was used for the surface temperatures of the scrotum, rectal temperature, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of semen and climatic factors. There was a positive correlation (P<0.05) for sperm motility x scrotal temperatures; sperm concentration x scrotal temperatures; climatic factors x rectal temperature. There was a negative correlation (P<0.05) between ambient temperature x sperm concentration. It was concluded that the temperature of the scrotum surface and climatic factors, temperature and humidity, influence the quality of semen. Thermography is recommended as a supplementary examination for reproductive evaluation of bulls. Key words: Climatic factors, scrotal thermogram, zebu bull, semen ResumoObjetivou-se estudar a relação dos fatores climáticos com a temperatura da superfície do escroto e qualidade seminal por meio da termografia digital de infravermelho em touros Nelore, criados extensivamente. Em seis touros realizaram-se termografia escrotal com câmera Flir E40®, colheita de sangue para a testosterona sérica e colheita de sêmen por eletroejaculação a cada 10 dias, com seis repetições. Os fatores climáticos: temperatura ambiente, umidade relativa do ar, temperatura do globo seco e temperatura do globo úmido foram registrados com globotermômetro (InstruTemp®, ITWTG-2000). Os termogramas do escroto foram analisados com o software Flir Tools® para as temperaturas da superfície escrotal, dos lados direito e esquerdo, colo do escroto, terços: dorsal, médio e ventral dos testículos; e caudas dos epidídimos. Os dados do sêmen e dos termogramas foram submetidos à análise de variância e teste de Tukey a 5%. Correlação de Pearson foi empregada para as temperaturas da superfície do escroto, temperatura retal, características quantitativas e qualitativas do sêmen e fatores climáticos. Houve correlação positiva (P<0,05) para motilidade espermática x temperaturas do escroto; concentração espermática x temperaturas do escroto; fatores climáticos x temperatura retal. Houve correlação negativa (P<0,05) entre temperatura ambiente x concentração espermática. Concluiu-se que as temperaturas da superfície do e...
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