BackgroundThe vaquita of Mexico is critically endangered, with a population less than 19 individuals in 2018. The population continues to decline and gillnet use continues in vaquita habitat.MethodsNine vaquita carcases were examined from 2016 to 2018 to establish cause of death. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDTs and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in blubber (n=3) were determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and faeces tested for domoic acid and saxitoxin.ResultsCarcases were in good nutritional status and had lesions and full stomachs consistent with fisheries bycatch. PCB, DDT and PBDE concentrations ranged between 94 and 180 ng/g, 500 and 1200 ng/g and 97 and 210 ng/g lipid weight, respectively, which are low compared with other marine mammals. No saxitoxin or domoic acid was detected.ConclusionThese findings support the conclusion that bycatch is the primary source of vaquita population decline and emphasise the need for stronger measures to eliminate gillnets from the Upper Gulf of California, Mexico.
Introducción: Desde diciembre de 2019 se ha presentado una vertiginosa propagación de lo que hoy conocemos como enfermedad por coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 o COVID-19, denominado así por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en marzo de 2020. Objetivo: Informar de las manifestaciones neurológicas del COVID-19. Resultados: Los síntomas en su inicio fueron principalmente respiratorios, sin embargo, cada vez han sido más evidentes los signos y síntomas neurológicos asociados a este virus, tales como dolor de cabeza, náuseas, vómito, encefalopatía, encefalitis, enfermedad vascular cerebral (EVC), anosmia, ageusia, crisis epilépticas, alteración de pares craneales, neuropatía periférica (síndrome de Guillain-Barré) con amiotrofi a neuromuscular y rabdomiólisis. Los mecanismos de afectación neurológica de la COVID-19 se atribuyen a dos tipos de invasión: la directa (por las propiedades neurotrópicas del virus) y la invasión indirecta (derivados del estado proinfl amatorio, procoagulante, alteraciones metabólicas y la desregulación del sistema inmune). Conclusiones: A pesar de que la incidencia de estas complicaciones neurológicas sean subdiagnosticadas, el aumento de la morbimortalidad nos permitirá tomar decisiones oportunas que impacten en la prevención del proceso neurodegenerativo de los pacientes con COVID-19.
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