Patients with a history of having either an LMP tumor or an epithelial ovarian cancer have a less than expected risk of subsequent breast cancer. Patients with LMP tumors are at lower risk than patients with a history of ovarian cancer for the development of these second malignancies.
An analysis is made of 134 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated from 1971-1980 at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia. Incidence rate for Chinese born in the Orient was 20.5 per 100,000 per year compared to 1.32 per 100,000 for Canadian born Chinese. The Caucasian rate was .19 per 100,000 per year. These figures confirm a 15 times greater incidence of the disease in Chinese born in the Orient over those born in North America. The 86 Chinese patients were noted to have a 10% poorer survival than the 48 Caucasian patients on long-term follow-up. The main factor affecting survival was initial staging. Overall survival rates were 46.3% three year, no evidence of disease (NED) and 38.3% five year NED survival, but when disease was limited to the nasopharynx (T1, T2, N0) they were 73.9% three year NED and 66.6% five year NED survival. One-third of the patients ultimately developed distant metastases below the clavicle. Although lower T and N stage cases had fewer of these, the overall correlation with staging was poor. Female patients showed statistically significant better survival which was not related to better initial staging. They did, however, have 11% fewer eventual distant metastases.
The present article has as main objective to model a four-bars mechanism to the drive system of a gel and minerals encapsulating machine. This model includes a kinematic and dynamic analysis using the vector loop method; defining as main input variable the angular displacement of the crank, the same that is connected to the motor. The accelerations in the centers of gravity (kinematic variables) of each element were related to the forces acting on the element. This was done using Newton's second law. Through the dynamic analysis of the mechanism, the necessary torque was determined to move it to the initial kinematic conditions. The torque was calculated using the Matlab software in the force equations for the entire range of motion; this means the complete cycle of movement of the crank. The result of torque obtained in Matlab was contrasted with the simulation software MSC ADAMS, where clear similarities were obtained between both results.
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