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Pulmonary disorders are common in horses, and treatment efficiency depends on an adequate diagnosis. Amyloid A is the most sensitive indicator of pathology in horses. The objective of this study was to establish the concentration of amyloid A of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in healthy horses. Health condition of horses was considered normal based on physical examination, complete blood count, biochemical parameters, and BALF cytology. Blood and BALF were collected from thirty adult female horses. Amyloid A concentrations in serum and BALF were measured using commercial ELISA tests. Amyloid A was detected in serum (mean ± SD = 3.71±2.51) and BALF (mean ± SD = 0.000745±0.000785) of all horses. In conclusion, SAA can also be measured in bronchoalveolar fluid, affording early detection of respiratory infections or inflammatory conditions.

Foram revisados os dados de quarenta e um casos de pitiose atendidos no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, nos anos de 2012 a 2018. Os animais eram provenientes dos municípios de Campos dos Goytacazes (31/41; 75,6%), São João da Barra (07/41; 17,0%), São Francisco do Itabapoana (02/41; 4,8%) e São Fidélis (1/41; 2,4%). Vinte animais (48,7%) não possuíam raça definida, onze (26,8%) eram Mangalarga Marchador, oito (19,5%) Quarto de Milha, um (2,4%) Paint Horse e um Apalusa (2,4%), sendo as fêmeas mais acometidas (24/41; 58,5%). A maioria dos casos ocorreu durante ou após períodos chuvosos e se concentraram nos meses de janeiro e fevereiro. Dentre dos animais acometidos, trinta e sete sobreviveram e quatro foram submetidos à eutanásia. O tempo médio entre a ocorrência da lesão e o atendimento hospitalar variou de quatro dias a oito meses. O longo período necessário para tratamento associado ao seu alto custo foi apontado pelos proprietários como o principal fator limitante (26/41; 63,4%). Conclui-se que o sucesso no tratamento pode ser alcançado de diferentes protocolos farmacológicos associados ou não a ressecção cirúrgica, no entanto, o diagnóstico precoce, o tempo de desenvolvimento da doença e a extensão e local de acometimento, influenciam no índice de recuperação dos animais.

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analyzed to obtain information on leakage of acute-phase proteins from the blood into the respiratory lumen and about local synthesis. Ceruloplasmin, transferrin, albumin, α1-antitripsin, immunoglobulin G heavy, immunoglobulin G light, immunoglobulin A, haptoglobin, acidic glycoprotein, and P23 were measured in BALF from 30 horses without inflammatory disease by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In serum, the same proteins were identified except for α1-antitrypsin. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) can be used for the determination of acute-phase proteins in BALF samples from horses. In healthy horses, the values are very low, but they can be compared with reference values to assist in the diagnosis of animals with respiratory diseases.