A B S T R A C TCrambe is a plant with high potential for biodiesel production. However, its use for animal nutrition poses toxicity. The aim of this study was to propose an alternative treatment for this type of agro-industrial waste. Thus, we used earthworm Eisenia foetida for the stabilization of crambe residue. Twenty vermireactors were constructed, receiving crambe waste and cattle manure in the dose according to the determination of total solids. Treatments were called 100% of cattle manure; 10% waste crambe + 90% cattle manure; 20% waste crambe + 80% cattle manure; 30% waste crambe + 70% cattle manure; 40% waste crambe + 60% cattle manure. Mixtures remained for 40 days in vermireactors. The statistical design was completely randomized, with five treatments and four replications. The vermicompost obtained was used to produce arugula seedlings. At the end of the proposed period, it was observed that the worms survived in all crambe residue concentrations. Furthermore, it was found that even with the highest dose, crambe residue was not harmful worms. In the production of arugula seedlings, it was found that there was adequate development of plants.Keywords: Agro-industrial waste, Crambe abyssinica Hochst, Eisenia foetida.
R E S U M OO crambe é uma planta com alto potencial de produção biodiesel. Entretanto, o uso para alimentação animal apresenta toxicidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foi propor uma alternativa de tratamento para este tipo de resíduos agro-industrial. Desta forma, utilizou-se a minhoca Eisenia foetida para a estabilização do resíduo de crambe. Foram construidos 20 vermireatores, que receberam resíduos de crambe e esterco bovino nas dose de acordo com a determinação de sólidos totais. Os tratamentos foram chamados 100% de esterco bovino; 10% resíduo de crambe + 90% esterco bovino; 20% resíduo de crambe + 80% esterco bovino; 30% resíduo de crambe + 70% esterco bovino; resíduo de crambe 40% + 60% esterco bovino. As misturas permaneceram durante 40 dias nos vermireatores. O delineamento estatítico foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco tratamento e quatro repetições. Os vermicompostos obtidos foram utilizados na produção de mudas de rúculas. No final do período proposto, observou-se que as minhocas sobreviveram em todas as concentrações de resíduos de crambe. Além disso, verificou-se que mesmo com as doses mais elevadas do resíduo de crambe, não foi prejudicial as minhocas. Na produção de mudas de rúcula, verificou-se que houve um desenvolvimento adequado das plantas.
Palavras-chave:Crambe abyssinica Hochst, Eisenia foetida, resíduos agroindustriais.
Lignocellulosic substrate co-digestion as a pre-treatment step to anaerobic digestion increases the viability of using agro-industry waste for biogas production. This study aimed to assess proportions of co-digestion of swine manure and poultry litter for greater methane production, in addition to analyzing the effect of microbial inoculum enrichment on biodigestion. After co-digestions were prepared, the fractions (solid and liquid) were separated, and the liquid was used in the tests. Methane production potential tests were assessed using the Doehlert experimental design in co-digestions of swine manure and poultry litter at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% (m/m). The other variable studied was the amount of inoculum added (ISR) at levels of 2, 1.25 and 0.5. The highest methane production values (286–284 NL kgVS-1) were obtained in co-digestions between 10% and 20% (m/m) of poultry litter, which present total solids compatible with using covered lagoon and CSTR model biodigesters. A 34% increase was obtained in the microbial inoculum enrichment study, when compared to standard inoculum use. The co-digestion phase separation procedure developed in this study increased the feasibility of implementing this technology as an alternative to biogas production in commonly used biodigestion systems.
The search for sustainable development has led countries around the world to seek the improvement of technologies that use renewable energy sources. One of the alternatives in the production of renewable energy comes from the use of waste including urban solids, animal excrement from livestock and biomass residues from agro-industrial plants. These materials may be used in the production of biogas, making its production highly sustainable and environmentally friendly, in addition to reducing public expenses for the treatment of those wastes. The present study evaluated the cultivated and uncultivated microbial community from a substrate (starter) used as an adapter for biogas production in anaerobic digestion processes. 16S rDNA metabarcoding revealed domain of bacteria belonging to the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi and Synergistota. The methanogenic group was represented by the phyla Halobacterota and Euryarchaeota. Through 16S rRNA sequencing analysis of isolates recovered from the starter culture, the genera Rhodococcus, Vagococcus, Lysinibacillus, Niallia, Priestia, Robertmurraya, Luteimonas and Proteiniclasticum were recovered, groups that were not observed in the metabarcoding data. The groups mentioned are involved in the metabolism pathways of sugars and other compounds derived from lignocellulosic material, as well as in anaerobic methane production processes. The results demonstrate that culture-dependent approaches, such as isolation and sequencing of isolates, as well as culture-independent studies, such as the Metabarcoding approach, are complementary methodologies that, when integrated, provide robust and comprehensive information about the microbial communities involved in various processes, including the production of biogas in anaerobic digestion processes.
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