Objective-In congestive heart failure (CHF) the skeletal muscle of the lower limbs develops a myopathy with atrophy and shift from the slow type to the fast type fibres.

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UGI can be used to withhold early oral intake in patients with radiographic leaks that would otherwise progress to clinically significant leaks. Surgical drains facilitate the non-operative management of such anastomotic leaks. Planned early UGI and surgical drains minimize the morbidity of anastomotic leaks after bariatric surgery.

Sleep apnea is frequent in candidates screened for bariatric surgery. ESS is a useful tool to investigate daytime sleepiness and other manifestations of sleep apnea. However, the ESS does not predict the severity of sleep apnea. Clinical suspicion of sleep apnea should prompt polysomnography.

No abstract