This systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to determine the effects of grapes and grape products on inflammation and oxidative stress among adults. PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to July 2020 to identify RCTs investigating the effects of grape and grape products on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. Weighted mean differences (WMD) were pooled using a random‐effects model. Of the 8,962 identified studies, 24 RCTs (27 arms) were included in the statistical analysis. Grape products significantly reduced serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels (WMD: −0.35 mg/L; 95% CI: −0.62, −0.09, p = .008), but they had no significant effect on serum tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) (WMD = −1.08 pg/ml; 95% CI: −2.29, 0.11, p = .07), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) (WMD = 0.13 pg/ml; 95% CI: −0.35, 0.60, p = .60), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.15; 95% CI: −0.35, 0.65, p = .54), or malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = 0.14; 95% CI: −0.64, 0.92, p = .72). The analysis indicated possible decreasing effects of grapes and grape products on CRP, but they might not be able to change IL‐6, TNF‐α, TAC, and MDA concentrations. Nonetheless, further studies are warranted before definitive conclusions may be reached.

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Background: considering health indicators, analyzing pregnant women population is an important subject and mortality degree among this population is disastrous. According to the World Health Organization, annually 600,000 women die due to side-effects of pregnancy and delivery; it means that 1600 women die daily and one woman dies in each minute because of progeny side-effects. The average of MMR is 200 in developing countries and it is 20 out of 1000 in developed countries. This study was done aimed to determine the rate of maternal mortality among pregnant women and the factors affecting it in the Ardabil province so that identified dominant effective factors and presented Executive Solutions for reducing maternal mortality. Methods: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional and descriptive-analysis study by using existing data in the health centre network system of Ardabil province during 2001-2011. According to the information of all maternal deaths (50 cases) in the health care system, the causes of death were extracted by study and evaluation of the documents and questionnaires about and the control group information have been collected randomly in the ratio of 1 to 4 (N = 200). Data was analyzed by using the Statistical tests as Chi-square, t2test and regression with the SPSS.20 software. Results: findings showed that the proportion of maternal deaths is 20 per 100,000 live births in Ardabil province. 70% of maternal death was direct because of pregnancy's side-effects.68% of deaths occurred in the postpartum period. The common causes of death were respectively, the bleeding (28%), preeclampsia, eclampsia and its side-effects (16%) were thromboembolic disorders (16%) and infection (8%). The maximum number of deaths were in the years 2003 and 2011 (18%) and the minimum number of these were 2008 (zero). 72% of maternal deaths were in the age range of 18 to 35 years. 33% of mothers were illiterate and less educated (the primary school). 62% of died mothers, lived urban residents. In this study, the relationship between cares before pregnancy, suffering from different diseases during pregnancy and distance between two pregnancy times were evaluated by Logistic regression test which was significant. Conclusions: The most effective factors to reduce the maternal deaths in the province were increased coverage of pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and postpartum cares and improving its quality.

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus includes a group of metabolic disorders diagnosed by increased serum glucose concentration. It causes major changes in most systems of the body, which lead to acute and chronic complications of the disease which results in disability, medical costs, and high mortality. This research was conducted to assess type 2 diabetic patients' status of care and control in rural areas of Ardebil province in order to improve the care indicators by presenting results to regional authorities. Materials and methods. In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study, 360 patients identified as type 2 diabetes in rural areas of Ardabil province were selected through cluster sampling and data was collected through a questionnaire by interviewing patients and reviewing their files, and 3 categories of demographic, clinical and socioeconomic factors were studied. The data was analyzed by Chi-square and Friedman statistical tests using SPSS software version 20. Results. According to Chi-square test, there was a significant relationship between the patients' marital status (p = 0.032) and their complications of diabetes (p = 0.10) and the level of care and between the number of patients' family members (p = 0.001) and body mass index (p = 0.006) and the level of control and also, between the use of ordered drug by patient and the level of care and control (p = 0.003). The results of the mean ranking based on the Friedman statistical test showed that the age variable has the highest mean score and the greatest impact on the care and control of the disease and the lowest score and impact was of the nutrition education variable. Conclusion. This study revealed that in order to control the complications of the disease, lifestyle changes, dietary observation, weight control, ordered drug use and self-care programs are very effective.