The main purpose of this article is firstly to construct a political theory of urban youth movements, and secondly to explain the international setting and transnational commitment of one of the most vigorous movements in Denmark after the second world war. The BZ-movement, as it was called, began as a squatter movement firmly embedded in communal mobilization and later turned into a political movement with strong ties to squatters' and Autonomous groups in Germany and the Netherlands. We attempt to describe and explain the development of the BZ-movement, the repertoire of collective actions, and how a process of goal displacement took place from around 1981 until 1995. In our theoretical appraisal we reject most cultural arguments, postmodernism and social marginalization in favour of concepts of place, organization, interaction and political opportunity. Thus, local social networks as well as national and international political opportunities, including relationships to opponents and allies, play a major role in determining the everyday social and political life of the BZ-movement. Copyright Joint Editors and Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2001.
An epidemic of viral hepatitis type A in an arctic area is described. From 1970-1974, 4961 clinical cases of hepatitis were reported in Greenland, corresponding to 11 per cent of the total population. Epidemiologic surveillance indicated person-to-person transmission of the disease, apparently by the oralfecal route. The course of the disease was mild, and complications were rare with a case fatality rate of 0.3%. Ninety-three per cent of the cases occurred in individuals 1-25 years of age, suggesting widespread immunity in the adult population presumably due to infection with hepatitis A during a similar epidemic in 1947-1948. The occurrence of antibody to hepatitis A antigen (anti-HA) in healthy Greenlanders, as detected by radioimmunoassay, closely paralleled this observation. Anti-HA was present in 38 (93%) of 41 individuals born before 1948 and in one (3%) of 29 younger persons. Anti-HA also was detected during the epidemic in the sera of 25 randomly selected hepatitis cases. Immunoglobin analysis in three acute-phase sera showed anti-HA reactivity predominantly in the IgM fraction. The epidemic showed no relation to the hepatitis episodes occurring annually in the area, and seroepidemiologic data indicated that the endemic hepatitis may be caused by hepatitis B virus only.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.