PURPOSE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is high in South America, where recent data on survival are sparse. We investigated the main predictors of HNSCC survival in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia. METHODS Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was obtained from standardized interviews, and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and pathologic reports. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of 1,463 patients, 378 had a larynx cancer (LC), 78 hypopharynx cancer (HC), 599 oral cavity cancer (OC), and 408 oropharynx cancer (OPC). Most patients (55.5%) were diagnosed with stage IV disease, ranging from 47.6% for LC to 70.8% for OPC. Three-year survival rates were 56.0% for LC, 54.7% for OC, 48.0% for OPC, and 37.8% for HC. In multivariable models, patients with stage IV disease had approximately 7.6 (LC/HC), 11.7 (OC), and 3.5 (OPC) times higher mortality than patients with stage I disease. Current and former drinkers with LC or HC had approximately 2 times higher mortality than never-drinkers. In addition, older age at diagnosis was independently associated with worse survival for all sites. In a subset analysis of 198 patients with OPC with available human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 data, those with HPV-unrelated OPC had a significantly worse 3-year survival compared with those with HPV-related OPC (44.6% v 75.6%, respectively), corresponding to a 3.4 times higher mortality. CONCLUSION Late stage at diagnosis was the strongest predictor of lower HNSCC survival. Early cancer detection and reduction of harmful alcohol use are fundamental to decrease the high burden of HNSCC in South America.
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to evaluate the functionality of women diagnosed
with breast cancer according to the International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health (ICF). [Subjects and Methods] This was a cross-sectional study. We
applied instruments consistent with the summary of ICF codes for breast cancer: quality of
life questionnaire (WHOQOL), upper limb symptoms and function (DASH), social support,
physical examination and functional medical record data. [Results] The study included 105
women who were 55 years old and subjected to surgical treatment within an average of
1.63 year previously. The ‘function’ component considered in the WHOQOL, the DASH and
physical examination. There were high prevalences of positive responses for most codes,
and only b130, d430, d445, d640, d650, d920 and codes of environmental factors considered
by the Social Support Questionnaire showed high prevalences of negative responses (47.6%,
61%, 43.8%, 63.8%, 56.2%, 52.4%, and 35.2%, respectively). [Conclusion] There was a lower
prevalence of disability, with the exception of issues related to strenuous activity and
load. Some findings showed conflicting results between different instruments that measure
the same code, and studies that propose more accurate tools and are able to consider the
ICF codes specific to this pathology are necessary.
O Aldicarb, conhecido vulgarmente como "chumbinho", é comercializado clandestinamente no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e está envolvido com envenenamentos, suicídios e homicídios, acarretando um grave problema de saúde pública. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar o perfil de mortalidade por Aldicarb no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, referente ao período de 1998 a 2005. Através de um banco de dados secundários do Instituto Médico Legal Afrânio Peixoto (IMLAP/RJ),que contém resultados de laudos toxicológicos e características dos periciados, foi realizado um estudo descritivo. Foram detectados 746 casos positivos de intoxicação por Aldicarb. O sexo masculino (67,2%) prevaleceu sobre o feminino (32,8%). Quanto à idade, há um predomínio de intoxicação entre indivíduos adultos (56%). Em relação à cor da pele, prevaleceu a cor branca (52,1%). O período com os maiores números de casos foi o de 1998 a 1999 (43,5%). O município com maior concentração de casos foi o Rio de Janeiro, com 440 (59,8%). Dos 746 casos, 601 (80,6%) tinham informações das circunstâncias, sendo que a maior prevalência de hospitalização foi para circunstância indeterminada com remoção do cadáver em via pública (45,1%). Sua comercialização e uso irregular, principalmente na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, demonstram que ações de fiscalização para coibir a sua utilização deveriam ser mais intensas.
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