This study aimed to determine the effect of potassium fertilizer doses, Local Microorganism concentrations, and the interaction between the two factors on the growth and yield of shallots. The study applies Randomized Block Design with 3 x 4 Factorial and 3 replications. The observed factors were potassium fertilizer at 3 levels each of control, 100, and 200 kg ha-1 and Local Microorganisms at 4 levels each of 0, 75, 150, and 225 ml L-1). The highest yield potential of the shallots was found at a dose of 100 kg ha-1 potassium fertilizer. The highest diameter of shallot bulbs was initiated at 150 ml L-1 of Local Microorganism concentration, but it was not significantly different from the control treatment. The combination of a potassium fertilizer dose of 200 kg ha-1 and a local liquid microorganism concentration of 75 ml L-1 provide the highest growth and yield of shallots.
The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction effect of the use of mycorrhizal biofertilizers and varieties to increase the production of organic patchouli on the Entisol soil of Aceh Besar. This study used a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor observed was mycorrhizal biofertilizer from the various genus, namely Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp. and the mixed genus of Glomus mosseae and Gigaspora sp. While the second factor is the use of varieties, namely Tapak Tuan and the Lhokseumawe variety. The results showed that the best interactions on the growth and production, P205 uptake, and oil content were found in the mixed mycorrhizal genus (Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora sp.) with the Tapak Tuan variety. From the patchouli alcohol content test results, the best results were obtained in a combination of mixed mycorrhizal biofertilizers and the Tapak Tuan variety by 30%.
Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is a bushy perennial herb that produces a type of essential oil called patchouli oil. The production and quality of patchouli oil is determined by many factors, such as plant cultivation, nutrition, and pest-disease management. In addition, the soil condition of the planting medium determines the oil production and quality of the patchouli. Especially in lowlands, other obstacles to patchouli production include poor soil fertility and biological, chemical, and physical properties of Entisols with low to moderate soil nutrients, and plant growth will not be supported if cultivation is not managed properly. The use of mycorrhizae as biological fertilizer is expected to increase the production and quality of Aceh’s organic patchouli. This research aims to determine the effect of mycorrhizae biofertilizer on the growth, production, and quality of Aceh’s patchouli cultivated in Entisol soil. This study used a nonfactorial randomized block design with three replications. The factors observed were the application of mycorrhizae biofertilizer, namely Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora cf. gigantea, and a mixture of Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora cf. gigantea. The results showed that the mixture of Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora cf. gigantea provided the best results for growth parameters of plant height (144.65 cm), stem diameter (10.8 cm), number of leaves (337.88), and mycorrhizal root colonization (78.93%) and production parameters of fresh biomass weight (576.90 g) and dry biomass weight (122.74 g). Under normal conditions, Entisol soil has a phosphorus (P) availability of 35.00 mg kgs-1,based on Oslen’s extractable test, and the application of a mixture of Glomus mosseae + Gigaspora cf. gigantea increased the P-available uptake to a range of 45.71–47.32 mg kgs-1 and the oil quality to an oil extraction rate (OER) of patchouli of 2.65 and patchouli alcohol rate of 32.21%. Mycorrhizae biofertilizer in the rhizosphere can promote plant growth, improve nutrient acquisition, and improve the quality of final oil content of patchouli.
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